tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-79651133762262692472024-03-13T19:15:59.076-07:00貢寮.水.梯田一起在土地上學習實踐、慢慢分享,拼湊出兼顧生產與生態的田間作業可能,拼湊出城鄉社區與生物環境間互相合作的機會,創造大家作伙來學習在田裡溪裡長智慧的聚會。普通使用者http://www.blogger.com/profile/10328785136475326457noreply@blogger.comBlogger127125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7965113376226269247.post-64446737010688001052017-04-17T20:37:00.003-07:002020-08-26T20:32:41.999-07:00相關新訊息 請移步【狸和禾+人禾】這個部落格好像休耕一陣子了?<br />
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是的,<b>因為我們已完成階段性任務</b>:從最早阻止了水梯田的棄耕趨勢、合作友善續耕、協助部分田區復耕,並跟著農戶學習傳統接納500種生物共生的田間管理方式,組織了承諾照顧水土環境及受脅生物家園的「<b>和禾生產班</b>」;也同時展開調查,瞭解水梯田提供了我們哪些服務。接著建構友善環境的合作產業:賣米、其他田間副產物、及田野環境的體驗學習。<br />
這一路,在地成立的「<b>狸和禾小穀倉</b>」也逐漸成為生產班的經理人,統籌生態田區經營的查驗監測、張羅產銷流程及農戶田間遇到的的大小事。<br />
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而身兼農產經理及生物資源監測已經夠忙碌了,2016年夏天,「狸和禾」決定把經營環境學習中心的工作,交給「人禾基金會」,使其就成為城鎮朋友認識山上田區的窗口,也負責擔任田間老師們的經理人,規劃體驗活動【和禾梯田深呼吸】,以四季有趣的旅行,讓新朋友能參與和禾的保育工作。<div>
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故事到目前堪稱幸福美滿,還有「<b>保育和夥人</b>」家族一起扛著,<br />
以及<b>林務局</b>和<b>肯夢AVEDA</b>為環境公益合作的「生態支付」。<br />
接下來的故事就請見下列網址:<br />
<h4>
狸和禾小穀倉:農產品服務 / 田野大小事~<span style="background-color: lime; color: blue;"><a href="http://monghoho.blogspot.tw/" target="_blank">部落格</a> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/monghoho2013/" target="_blank"> 臉書</a></span></h4>
<h4>
人禾基金會:參訪服務 / 環境新觀點~<span style="background-color: lime; color: blue;"><a href="https://eeft.org.tw" target="_blank">官網</a> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/eeft2007" target="_blank">臉書</a></span></h4>
<b>和禾田邊聊寮</b>:(02)2494-1799<br />
週五六日的白天開放自導式解說及農產輕食販售,但遇生產班有活動會公告於狸和禾臉書。<br />
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謝謝您的持續關心與參與,這個部落格,就還是繼續讓您挖掘老故事囉。</div>方韻如http://www.blogger.com/profile/16459298780585727898noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7965113376226269247.post-38906588631305156952017-02-14T17:47:00.002-08:002017-02-17T01:54:55.223-08:00因為有你~有參與才成就的環境保育<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKOYvULE7hU2tL3mNsmi1gXrd9zx0XsbKUqqQ_wWmXdH7N7-zZaysjOj7Xc9J8MLeTuABLBensasLd2fP8WpCNvhKsBgAe-SIQXr7Ph08-bNDnOXU2axwXCM_ieEaIFrtDshdTz-aFlUg/s1600/%25E4%25BD%25A0%25E7%2589%2588%25E9%25A0%25AD600.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="276" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKOYvULE7hU2tL3mNsmi1gXrd9zx0XsbKUqqQ_wWmXdH7N7-zZaysjOj7Xc9J8MLeTuABLBensasLd2fP8WpCNvhKsBgAe-SIQXr7Ph08-bNDnOXU2axwXCM_ieEaIFrtDshdTz-aFlUg/s400/%25E4%25BD%25A0%25E7%2589%2588%25E9%25A0%25AD600.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">「和禾生產班」這個和農業合作的保育工作</span><span lang="EN-US">run</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">六年了。十多處自來水源地的水梯田,藉助大家的多元合作,在這六年恢復成涵養水源、庇護瀕危濕地生物的農田裡的保護區。這當中我們最開心的,是和大家一起共同完成兩個新的社會想像:<b>『生產糧食的農地,其實承載了更多環境安全的價值』</b>;而透過您們參與的社會實驗,我們也一起證明了:<b>『保育也可以透過市場對環境成本及環境效益的內部化,促成農民收益隨保育成效而增加的雙贏。』</b></span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">保育調適下的田間作業因為終年蓄水不能使用收割機,一年一度必要的勞力密集門檻就在炎夏的割稻。從第一年巡迴山谷的《青年割友會》,奠定了前輩對助割者的信任,這信任來自割友會的虛心學習、真槍實彈地像個農家子弟一分一分推進達成農事。解決了農家的問題,我們珍貴的學習則是回到前輩們在田野實務裡公民養成與知能養成的場景,體會到身體傳達的知識及感受力,扎實累積了對土地的尊敬和情感,不分本地及外地。最有趣的忘年組合之一,是貢寮國中校本課程的挲草和學生主動參與的割稻,畢業數十年的老學長親自授課啊!</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">您對米糧及其他狸山產品的購買支持,讓整件事有了能持續的正向循環。其中最重大的意義在於:『您相信整個田區豐饒生物相所能反映出累積性的健康,不輸第三方驗證機構對於收成稻米的實驗室檢驗保障。』有許多人前來參加田間生態觀察的活動、甚至加入和夥人的常態參與,都親眼見證親身督促了我們所宣稱的對生態系的照顧。為了更系統性的自我檢視,針對脆弱而基礎的保育標的,我們也把監測的任務移轉給青年農夫,在以農事為主體的生產履歷之外,獨樹一格地加上生態監測形成的履歷。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="EN-US">C.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">體驗活動的學習參與:謝謝您願意付費已展現了尊重、並增強生產班的價值信念。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">體驗產業現在是和禾生產班的重要收益,也是生產班受公眾監督保育效益的管道之一。對外地人而言,農家熟悉自然利用自然的生活,處處是精彩的感知要素,這樣兼顧環境及生活承載的負責任旅遊,是我們堅持請不讓大家隨意進入私有農地後的一種參與。現在也成為消費者加入農產品「參與式保障體系</span><span lang="EN-US">PGS</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">」的一部份,把生產環境揭露在公眾眼底一起見證。不諱言,和禾合作田一直有擔心陌生人隨意闖入的壓力,有的人為了採集野生物、有的人為了採集自己在風景裡的樣子;拒絕與管制,是為了不破壞整件事的保育初衷,不讓有心公益的農家反而飽受干擾,若有因此得罪您,感謝您的理解,更感謝地方政府願意面對與主流發展政策相左的「里山資本主義」,即使是衝突後的溝通理解甚至支持。三年來許多朋友的預約並付費,不僅支持生產班保育的投入,生活田野中受邀作客般的互相交流,不僅是許多人再三回來的原因,也讓參與交流的農家不斷澄清成長自己的價值及能力。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="EN-US">D.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">新的保育知識建構參與:謝謝您有專業研究身份,願意轉譯土地實作者難以言說的知識系統。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">從田間作業方式與保育目標物種的對照紀錄開始,這案例很鮮明展現了『在地知識如何透過外來者用專家知識的方式去詮釋,並重新演繹新的價值。』當聯合國的里山倡議概念傳到台灣,我們也才發現三摺法當中的「結合傳統知識與現代科技」,其實就在提醒『里山新科學應建立在既有的默會知識(</span><span lang="EN-US">tacit knowledge</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">)基礎上』。猶記得初期跟長輩聊山田的重要,聽到『田會咁水,像水庫調節河溪豐枯』的說法,面露懷疑之色而被斥責「你有唸書嗎?」後來在研究者以計量工具一步步證實這些說法後,我汗顏地體會了現代知識的偏頗不均,更珍惜這些在地知識被轉譯使之具應用性的可能。感謝這幾年不同的友團隊及學者們有相同的珍惜,讓居民長期用身體實作累積成的環境知能有機會和向來驕傲的專家殿堂交融,更透過您們不同的專業轉譯讓公眾有更多的瞭解。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="EN-US">E.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">公部門對保育新工具的嘗試參與:謝謝林務局洞察、面對保育的缺漏。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">『生態系服務給付</span><span lang="EN-US">Payments for
Ecosystems, PES</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">』是將保育融入市場的新工具,源自千禧年前全球環境治理發現的大警訊:『我們需要生態系提供現有所有的環境基礎才能發展,但卻不在乎不計算、以致無法管制或補救生態系功能的被消耗被破壞。』對於生物多樣性尤其是淡水半流動的濕地生態系,主管機關林務局先有洞見察覺到它們面臨的嚴峻威脅,也看到現有國家的保護系統幫不上太多忙,繼而勇於讓人禾去建構</span><span lang="EN-US">PES</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的工具實用性,有效地交換資源去交易沒有替代方案的保育作為,確保市場競爭及波動不損及敏感而重要的生態系服務,並有確實的查驗機制來檢核保育成效。這過程中一反平常「框架優先」的推動,容許「實作優先」來做能對準保育目標的合理建構。未來我們期待有更多嘗試,使公部門責任所在的公益,能透過「環境價值核心」,與私有資源及市場,開展更平台化的多邊合作。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="EN-US">F.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">《保育和夥人》及肯夢AVEDA綿長的參與:謝謝您們一路陪伴,還讓我們看到各種可能!</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">其實諸多參與當中最綿長使力、產生各式驚喜的,就是《保育和夥人》的會員參與。從農忙期的跨地域快閃參與,這些「你們」,花錢來「倒貼」做工、信任我們對環境的的堅持、還不計收成先贊助了生產班的保育運作。許多和夥人多年作夥,更各顯神通地成為和禾的變形金剛,有的人引入了研究或行銷資源、有的人當起城市的經銷點、有的人用自己的專業協助和禾發展產品、有的人要支持的事太多而暫停,但留下的鼓勵繼續陪我們還要走好久</span><span lang="EN-US">…</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">。而肯夢AVEDA整個企業從水環境保育切入,不只贊助還認真地希望員工都能對水梯田及水資源有深入瞭解,這些認真的悅日人都成了代言人,讓質樸的水田文化也出現在都會街頭的美髮沙龍,接觸更多我們不認識的朋友。</span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">2017</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">和禾保育和夥人再開放新加入了!</span></b></h3>
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<b style="font-family: 新細明體, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">情人節邀請您一起墜入情網,</span></b><b style="font-family: 新細明體, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">讓環境</span></b><b style="font-family: 新細明體, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">因您的</span></b><b style="font-family: 新細明體, serif;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">相知相惜而有更長久的守護!</span></b></h3>
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<b style="font-family: 新細明體, serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B1n07ZoVomzXcDNBZHpteEoyQWs/view" style="background-color: orange;" target="_blank">2017和禾水梯田保育和夥人招募下載</a></span></b><br />
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方韻如http://www.blogger.com/profile/16459298780585727898noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7965113376226269247.post-80340703195351267472016-12-02T10:00:00.000-08:002016-12-19T03:10:53.962-08:00和禾米,和自然一起吃久長~<h4>
圖/文 人禾環境倫理發展基金會【 轉載自2016.11 鄉間小路 】</h4>
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七八月間,貢寮山間瀰漫著一股蟄伏盤算再動員的興奮,有些日子甦醒在寧靜山谷還未被陽光照亮的清晨,山路上聚集了各路人馬,帶著刀、潦入泥水中,刷刷刀聲及打穀機器桶馬達伴著吆喝,接替山羌的晨吠振奮一整天。這種獨特的、踩在水裡割稻的收割方式,並不是為了標榜復古,其中蜿蜒流瀉的金黃稻河、田中各異其趣的水草香氣、以及鄰里換工時的互虧開講、助割者彎身向長輩學習地方知識,都在結合生態系服務的保育,發展助於健全水循環的生態農業,而重新開展中。<br />
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<span style="color: #274e13; font-size: x-small;">順應地形限制及保育需求,和禾有許多保育和夥人參與這樣傳統的收割季。</span><span style="color: #274e13; font-size: x-small;">(李偉傑攝)</span></div>
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和禾和你,老關係中的新價值</h3>
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位於新北貢寮區雙溪河支流上游的《和禾生產班》,組成起於2011年人禾基金會和林務局來尋求農民的合作,企圖藉這方淨土的水田濕地,來搶救急遽凋零的許多水田生物們。這些物種曾是鄉間最熟悉最草賤的鄰居,現在卻因為農藥、福壽螺、溝渠田埂水泥化、及大型機械作業和輪作等田間管理模式的衝擊,可能消失在我們這一代的手上。而我們常在海拔400公尺的山田溪溝看到毛蟹、鱸鰻、禿頭鯊,可想水梯田也必然在河海洄游動物的生命壯遊中,扮演一定的角色,迎來送往銜接著那豐饒的東北角湧升流漁場。還有那讓長輩們津津樂道:「田會咁水,滿山是田的彼時,山溪少做大水也嘸乾。」的感念,似乎在澇旱不均、水資源開發緊繃的現代,使水梯田地景的適當存在更顯需要。<br />
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<span style="color: #274e13; font-size: x-small;">終年湛水的和禾田肩負補注水源的任務,在冬期翻耕後就像大地的明鏡。</span><span style="color: #274e13; font-size: x-small;">(方韻如攝)</span></div>
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這些淺山人家在歲月中累積創造的鑲嵌地景,不同於平地大面積較為單一的農業系統,他們的田背倚森林、與溪流串接、還有蓄水埤塘和放牧的草原,整體造就了富含生命關聯的「社會-生態-生產地景」。加上接受資源限制及並循環的利用取向,在農業發展的多元光譜中,扮演回饋補強大自然調節與支持功能的角色。在這樣的發掘體認下,以「和禾」之名,「種稻養水護生態」的另類合作就此展開:希望藉由大家出一張「口」的支持,左擁右抱生態稻「禾」;而「和」也象徵我們希望,藉此重新建構糧食和環境生態、城鎮居民和土地管理者的友善「關係」。<br />
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和天公伯一起,耕作邊護生</h3>
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這願景除了地景思考的搭配,生產班農民的田間管理方式更是關鍵。和禾最早的合作農戶都年事雖高但體力好經驗尤其豐富,這是我們回歸近自然農法最寶貴的資產。重新回到無農藥化肥的操作時,大家最擔心的是山區特有的稻負泥蟲危害,插秧初期先是有愛玩的水鳥,半個月後乍暖還寒的雨霧時節,就輪到這種「背屎龜仔(台語)」的啃食。「嘸用藥咁ㄟ通?」7旬多的樹伯重新編製起小時候後看過父親使用竹籐編製的「thang-hia(蟲篩)」,在這兩週悉心掃蟲,從此沒人再擔心需要用除蟲藥,因為稻葉隨後就能跟上陽光而成長堅實。<br />
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那雜草呢?鴨舌草和野慈姑的小苗會先在水中冒出土,他們在第一個半月被農人辛勤地挲草抑制;這彎著腰舞動雙手像在田泥裡摸八圈的動作,一方面維持水稻小苗的競爭優勢,一方面擾動稻株刺激根系重新往四面八方伸展;而在保育計畫開始之後,挲草的更多用意在施肥,延續冬天及插秧前的翻耕,數十種水草們變成「太陽牌雞尾酒式肥料」,化作春泥更護稻。在這樣的節奏下,水稻獲得在地循環的養分,但也容許那些外頭無家可歸的水草們,於五到九月有恣意繁衍的一線生機。<br />
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<span style="color: #274e13; font-size: x-small;">地方品種自家育秧,確保了適地栽種也避免入侵外來種對生態的危害。</span><span style="color: #274e13; font-size: x-small;">(方韻如攝)</span></div>
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田埂田壁的待遇則不同,不影響水稻生長及方便工作就好,因為這裡都是農家的菜園。劉伯曾在紫紅嗩吶草盛開的花期,跟我炫耀「免辦花博,來我這看就好!」而四五月風味餐料理前,蕭二嫂會去田埂採魚腥草,龍葵,昭和草加菜,六月的刺波則是蕭二哥回味小時候放牛時最喜歡的點心。恩豪在不同季節採集不同材料來做草仔粿:鼠麴、青苧麻、小葉桑…,守隆解說時最愛拿雞屎藤捉弄,但吃到它做成的牛舌粿卻是那麼回甘。現在這些無毒環境的土滋味,有的煮和禾花草茶、有的做成季節小點,都成為來《田邊聊寮》參訪朋友的最愛。<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiRFfkGOtJLUZfCmha0rKGzCjc2vPrR4C3hi_ktY8Qe3-jA6UcdhXyXkGvilDLs890Ut6j2GPJtyG5D-AuEXKy2iLRRtOm6238vxi40-s9k2j1doD8qox48-sL1-5qmYd5U_j7kmKvfX0/s1600/%25E9%2584%2589%25E9%2596%25937.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiRFfkGOtJLUZfCmha0rKGzCjc2vPrR4C3hi_ktY8Qe3-jA6UcdhXyXkGvilDLs890Ut6j2GPJtyG5D-AuEXKy2iLRRtOm6238vxi40-s9k2j1doD8qox48-sL1-5qmYd5U_j7kmKvfX0/s400/%25E9%2584%2589%25E9%2596%25937.jpg" width="266" /></a></div>
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<span style="color: #274e13; font-size: x-small;">田埂的維護不僅維持生物多樣性,還經營了伴生植物的山居生活應用。</span><span style="color: #274e13; font-size: x-small;">(方韻如攝)</span></div>
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這些野草不僅貢獻於口腹之慾,更提供田間的掠食動物如泥壺蜂、螳螂、中國樹蟾等,棲息及伺機捕食的微棲地;這些夥伴等於是和禾農人供食宿的保全,維持田間生態秩序,避免單一太多的物種形成蟲害。而在稻葉長成可刺到彎腰挲草者眼睛的高度後,就開始庇蔭低矮的水草們生長:蜻蜓豆娘宣告求偶季熱烈起舞,水下的簀藻和白花紫蘇是受歡迎的愛情結晶育嬰床、螢藺和豬毛草讓公蜓站崗護地盤、鴨舌草和慈姑的花蜜或花粉則更被蜜蜂花蜂青睞。<br />
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分散多處合計7甲的和禾田區,光是田畦裡再加上田壁田埂,就有超過200種植物,當中包括9種列名《台灣維管束植物紅皮書》生存受脅的三個等級。因此即使終年湛水但土壤仍保有發達的孔隙,150種左右的水棲魚蝦螺蟹兩爬節肢等動物在這裡安居,工作時不時見到黃鱔、紅娘華、踢到赤米龜。國外新進對「碳農業」的研究指出:高生物多樣性的土壤有更豐富的微生物相及有機質,因而固碳固氮能力較高;同時也有更好的保水力。因此和禾守護的這些,都不僅是生態保育,更是農業與所有維生體系要永續的基礎環節。<br />
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<span style="color: #274e13; font-size: x-small;">喜歡涼爽有豐盛水草環境的黃腹細蟌,在台灣現僅繁殖於和禾水梯田。(林秀麗攝)</span></div>
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五餅二魚,越吃收穫越多的合作</h3>
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《和禾水梯田保育計畫》的初衷,雖是保育生物多樣性及水資源,但放眼更遠的尺度,我們的農業發展一直需索著大自然運作所提供的各項服務:包括水的調節、氣候的規律、來自風的水的昆蟲的授粉則是作媒的服務、還有更多來自森林溪澗和大氣、再累積於土壤養分的生產力支持。這些被稱做「生態系服務ecosystem services」中的「調節服務」「支持服務」,以及提供人們取水、採集、撈捕等直接收穫的「供給服務」,在聯合國整合的千禧年全球生態系評估中,多半呈現了衰退的嚴峻危機。尤其更緊接著前些年「蜂群衰竭」的慘痛教訓。因此環境科學及經濟學等領域學者開始致力於推動「生物多樣性及生態系經濟」,希望聯手把維護生態系服務的成本,及損害後的損失與修復或補償措施的代價,都放進政策工具及市場機制中被重視,以減緩公共自然資源的崩壞枯竭。<br />
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<span style="color: #274e13; font-size: x-small;">二期休耕養水養野生物,稻頭四周儼然變成水草森林。</span><span style="color: #274e13; font-size: x-small;">(劉恩豪攝)</span></div>
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當大地之母既要養活九十億人口,又要能維繫生物圈的正常運作不崩毀,半自然的農林漁牧環境若能考量產業的可持續發展,甚至同時肩負自然生態系的功能,將是擁擠的地球最可行的緩解之道。因此2010年在愛知召開的《生物多樣性公約締約方大會》便提出了一個取自於傳統淺山農村的《里山倡議》全新共識:「用新的合作體系去維護一直照顧我們的生態系!應用傳統在地知識和積極鼓勵措施,使參與貢獻的社區或社群也受惠,共同照顧我們賴以為生的各種生態系服務。」。台灣除了開始有更多友善環境的農作調適,更有些如同和禾水梯田一樣的「生態保全型農業」開始起步,在淺山地帶的水田常是過去先民移墾過程累積的陳年地貌,和周遭自然地景已達到一定的平衡,加上現在的市場競爭下多半不被利用為高產量的集約產業,使得這類水田特別容易具備能補償自然濕地的條件,因而在農業光譜上負擔更多生態系復健的責任。但更重要的力量將來自消費者和整體政策的支持,看見在農業根基於土地健康的道理,看見糧食供應之外的各種農地價值。<br />
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<span style="color: #274e13; font-size: x-small;">和禾以農業的作為,彌補自然生態系的缺損。</span></div>
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這口飯的保障,來自在地嚴選和多元參與<br />
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和禾生產班為了這修復自然的土地經營目標,尊重地形的限制並遵守在土地的可恢復力之內去取用,因而在作物產量及管理效率上有很多「讓利」(當然實際上是大自然讓利給我們…);除了前面納各種生物進到生產體系,最大的不同在於終年湛水,捨棄了稻米出穗後的曬田動作,因此不但收割機不能下田,也不易同一時間停止分糱使稻米達到最一致的熟成與產量。<br />
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所幸這有利於濕地生物、有助於水土保持和水源涵養的權衡犧牲,得到許多消費者的認同,和禾米及豐饒田間的副產品,一直有死忠和新入夥的支持者。以生態米為基礎的和禾產業,除了第一代「肖年老農」和子媳的傳承,也結合了社區內成立的狸和禾小穀倉、定居貢寮或從貢寮旅外的青壯年、人禾這樣的外部非營利組織、大學農運或保育社團、重視社會責任的企業們,一齊攜手又開口地分工合作,因為我們都是環境權益關係人,自己的未來自己救!<br />
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支持和禾當然不是只因環境道德的訴求,其實每一口飯有濃濃的人情也有濃濃的米香!山區早春濕冷的條件下,我們大多使用長期適應農人選育的地方品種:《五號仔》米粒大,稻草桿軟很投水牛的喜好,桿高長好「掌草」便於後續生活利用,這些優點使得過去農人不捨淘汰,縱使有不利於颱風災害的高風險,我們仍貪於它的米香飽滿軟Q,每年保持種一點。《平林種》米粒雖小,但米質堅實不易糊,加上烹煮時飄散濃郁的米香,曾有大廚推薦它最適合燉飯料理。而兩種米,都很受小朋友喜愛,因為吃起來是甜甜的。<br />
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<span style="color: #274e13; font-size: x-small;">每年的和禾米都有旅外貢寮青年,盡份心力吆喝共同購買。(揉眼睛 繪)</span></div>
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這可能是第一個把共生的生物們納入田間生產履歷的米!除了早期專家的全面調查,現在由生產班年輕農民接手指標生物的監測;還有更多《保育和夥人》和《和禾梯田深呼吸或小旅行》的活動參與者,常常來田裡一起工作一起觀察,成為最佳的見證代言人;並透過承載管制和收益回饋在地的單一窗口管理,而使產業成為保育的最佳推手。這些多元的產地體驗也是「參與式保障體系(PGS, Participatory Guarantee Systems)」的開端,綜合長期豐富的環境徵兆,我們相信可以提供第三方驗證之外更直接的權益與責任,比有機還要更積極的守護與安心。更多的關注和更深刻的加入,都在《狸和禾--臉書+BLOG》《貢寮水梯田BLOG》等你!<br />
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<span style="color: #274e13; font-size: x-small;">秋冬休耕期的田間觀察培養了許多小小觀察家。</span></div>
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方韻如http://www.blogger.com/profile/16459298780585727898noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7965113376226269247.post-60723331101366131662016-10-31T20:07:00.000-07:002016-11-01T00:59:14.024-07:00讓身體說話:10月翻田 從大暑到寒露,天氣漸冷入秋。貢寮罕見超大豪雨連著過去,讓田間水位蓄得很滿,踩下田裡,清涼泥潤的觸感快淹到膝蓋。二哥看準天氣放晴約在10/19這天,陽光與微雨交錯的日子,然後一把鋤頭當扁擔,左挑耒耜(犁)右擔韁具,手拎著一根桂竹竿,帶著我們往「闊角」(註1)走去。<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">二哥往闊角走去,預定翻的田田埂先除過草。</td></tr>
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<a name='more'></a> 這一天的拜師學藝,緣起7月割稻仔。那時米屋甫退伍,二哥盯2個狸青盯得很緊,問:「明年是誰要來做公田?」隨山上暑假過去,「初階牛犁班」也準備開學。這堂課的時間來得恰是時候,田裡稻草桿抽出再生稻結穗,等到天冷就更不易分解了,秋金伯說:「冬至前翻過田,來年稻子才會結穗。」這時先把根系糾結的稻叢翻過,才能讓地力循環,又鬆開土壤結構。<br />
另一方面,二哥連前後的工作節奏也一起安排了。仔細看會發現,要翻的田田埂先除過草了,再聽二哥說之後要補田埂。突然理解,原來在二哥的翻田作業系統中,「田埂除草」、「鋤田埂」、「補田埂」,跟「翻田」是搭在一起的整件事。<br />
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<b>田埂要鋤、田裡要犁</b><br />
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「牛沒辦法犁到邊邊角角的稻叢,所以要用鋤頭翻。」只見二哥鋤頭從45度立體空間揮下。田埂鋤好坡陡45度,這樣補土的時候,新土才會留在坡面;鋤面斜揮45度,剷下來的土跟稻頭才好順勢後放、不打到自己。迅速俐落,每次鋤田埂都像機械動作一樣完整接鄰。<br />
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">(點選右下角齒輪形狀,可修改畫質清晰程度)</span></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">比較:上面那階還沒鋤過田埂、下面那階鋤了。可以從坡面過陡看出出自菜鳥之手。</td></tr>
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我們一邊做著,一邊有二哥的銳利目光跟:「像這種綠綠的草都要鋤掉。」、「鋤起來要分散堆,後面才好做事。」、「不要鋤太厚,不然田埂很快就沒了。」、「整個平面要直。」抓準每次鋤頭揮出去的距離,利用重力加速度剷土;把動作分解成連貫的片段,提起時前手出力、後送時後手出力,且用力時力發於腳底--身體不同部位的意識比重,因此是流動的、有原則的,透過不斷練習讓動作更精進。<br />
話雖如此,田埂與邊邊稻叢鋤完的短短30分鐘不到,手掌就起了水泡破皮。<br />
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<b>犁田?先跟牛老大搞好關係吧</b><br />
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水泡破了、手痠了?還沒完,犁田是重頭戲,二哥牽牛走上田區,問我們:「誰要來試?」感動同時,暗自忐忑二哥膽子真的很大。比人大上三倍以上的體型,威武又闊的角,犁很重,有時候牛停下來正常排泄,反而才讓我們放鬆大笑,一般人應該覺得壓力很大吧...。默默猜測大概因為這樣,現在農戶們翻田多數靠全手工或駛小牛。<br />
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停、走、向左轉、向右靠,簡單的四個功能指令構成人牛的溝通系統,但真做起來沒那麼容易,除了口語號令、手拉指引,還有體力不足的阻滯。換上我們後,人牛彼此不熟、警戒著耗損精力,不同的人發號指令,實際展現出來跟二哥的落差也讓牛覺得很困惑。好不容易,最後幾行稻子犁完,牛一脫下韁具就跑得老遠。「沒關係,今天先翻這樣,下次你們找時間上來先跟牛培養感情。」<br />
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二哥說到這裡,突然讓我明白了,整年的田間勞動,其實是一連串身體的溝通練習。當溫度、濕度與日照跟我說話,我接收並決定什麼才是合適穿著;有風險的田間勞動,敦促我正常作息與精神飽滿;操鐵具的耕作,請我回應腰馬與臂力的基礎需求(不傷關節的姿勢則是基本文法);放鬆與信任的狀態是在跟牛說:「我是你麻吉,很安全。」<br />
隨著2隻狸青進入耕作場域,後續田間作業時,仍會繼續探索山上生活的身體語言兩三事。也邀大家循〈和禾生產班〉提供的<a href="http://monghoho.blogspot.tw/p/blog-page_22.html" target="_blank">「和禾梯田深呼吸團體預約」</a>、「散客活動報名」、「和夥人農事體驗」、<a href="https://www.facebook.com/monghoho2013/" target="_blank">「換工洽詢」</a>各種方式,進入身體語言的私塾與實踐場所、與我們切磋身體的說話技術。<br />
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<註1> 闊角是隻水牛。<br />
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<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7965113376226269247.post-87415354200705486712016-08-15T02:52:00.001-07:002016-09-03T05:36:53.858-07:00收成換工--透早到黃昏的陪伴<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
當大多數島民都在睡夢中,遠在長濱的璧瑩、大雄搭上北上列車。列車到福隆時,天色還沒亮,前一晚住石頭屋的夥伴們一個個起床。暗幕從東邊向西邊垂降、大伙自山下往山上去--割稻,就是要跟太陽搶時間,這是夏天收成農人的節奏。</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">一進入割稻季,天天都順便早起看日出。</td></tr>
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這麼早起是為了避開炎炎日頭,尤其沒有風時,汗流涔涔,只能靠腳下田水稍微降溫。如果沒有勇健ㄟ汗耖,調適身體的頭殼就更不能少。所以『請先確定做好身心/裝備上的準備,再跟我們報名挑戰。』--在陣陣叮嚀與恐嚇中,換工朋友們依然來到了貢寮和禾水梯田,與我們從透早奮戰到黃昏。</div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">在簡短的姿勢、</span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">工具與安全教學後,大家戴上手套、拿起鐮刀撩落去。</span><br />
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除了少數混在助割隊中的老手,第一次挑戰的新朋友若技巧不熟或肢體僵硬,很容易飆汗、疲倦。而不管是新手、老手,都略懂一逮到機會,機器桶過區、故障或工作告一段落--立馬把雙腳往沁涼溪水裡涮、坐在田埂放空,或是享受白花紫蘇香氣,都是除了田間點心之外,接地氣的充電法。</div>
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過去山上田多人多,家戶間的換工互助,是維繫關係情誼的紐帶。村裡人丁漸少的現在,和禾生產班農戶間彼此掩護的強大火力就更珍貴了。對我們這群換工的人來說,趁累時停頓下來,看看農人前輩的動作,可以默默與自己的動作印證,摸索出輕鬆又正確的身體使用方式。</div>
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在「打穀」的團隊合作中,農人也與助割伙伴慢慢培養出默契,交錯的腰馬與手臂、機器桶轉動與拖桶的吆喝聲,原本曠日費時的工作加速完成中!</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">在農戶騰不出手的田區,一直做到傍晚兼看夕陽日落。</td></tr>
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休息時,腦袋與身體就可以暫時、完全放空了。雖然「呷五頓」背後的後勤工夫奧妙得很,這時就先放下、專心享用吧!</div>
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睡過午覺、重回戰場,在田間發現平地不易見到的原生種鱔魚,原來也能讓宜蘭專業女幫農(眾人驚見女孩也能拖機器桶)的士氣大振,讓在山上居民再次意識到自己腳下的價值。</div>
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在重度勞動中,與泥土、生物最零距離的接觸,剝去整潔服儀的社交意義,卻又重新創造了人跟人最放鬆的親密接觸。炎熱的夏天與清涼的田水,逼出狂飆的汗,也逼出了汗後的清爽。</div>
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感謝換工夥伴們--從透早到黃昏的陪伴。在收成季節精神與力氣的張弛中,深深闖進山上農人的生活裡。在彌補人力不足的同時,也支持田間保育工作走得更順。除了期待農戶每年未知的回禮之外,也期待明年割稻再碰頭!<br />
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延伸閱讀<b>:</b><a href="http://udn.com/news/story/7272/1874199" target="_blank">〈深夜女子公寓的料理習作/梯田的割稻飯〉</a>Mokki</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7965113376226269247.post-82101320019127036482016-07-31T08:30:00.000-07:002016-09-04T23:36:29.422-07:00一切都為了保水<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">「為什麼水沒放乾?」</span> <span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">「啥?赤腳?不能穿雨鞋下去?」來割稻幫農的朋友,常最訝異於:稻田在割稻前沒有放乾。這在台灣我們很想找到有沒有其他田區也如此,但現在看來許多復古手割的田,也都能穿著球鞋下去。那到底為何田裡維持湛水呢?不用待我們說明,助割的伙伴在下田踩進泥水裡的那瞬間,通常就明白了:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">小穀精、瘤果簀藻、日本簀藻就依附在稻蔭下找到自己天地;農人初期必須勤快除草的野慈姑、鴨舌草、螢藺,看來也在稻作後期得以喘息而拓展;我們總要向新來的助割者推薦「累了可以摘白花紫蘇嚐一口」;這一切繁茂很難共生於於要求水稻產量的田區,而這「讓利」,也使得黃鱔、紅娘華竄游在割稻者腳下,晒穀場要小心拾起貢德氏赤蛙或中國樹蟾野放,需要水域水草的細蟌們,也趕緊在割完的空檔帶著配偶繼續產卵。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">不過這麼豐富的生態,可不是和禾生產班農人一開始所在意的點。那傳承超過百年的維持湛水原則,其實是因為田區這樣的坡地平台階段,若乾裂又遇雨沿裂口集中滲入,在田階邊緣會開始崩落,危及生產基地的穩定,因而山區的傳統農人總小心翼翼地管理避免田區乾涸。這出自於對生產資產的謹慎保護,剛好與公益價值所希望的水土保持、濕地棲地保育不謀而合、殊途同歸,因而採取這傳統原則,也成了保育計畫推動最有利的方式。</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">因而我們想像老人家說,四五十年前山谷較平緩坡地七八成都是水稻梯田的盛況,那不是整個集水區都像個海綿嗎?所以「以早滿山都是田,田會咁水,彼時溪水不會暴漲或枯水。」的說法,就這樣聽了好幾遍。只聽過「森林是水的故鄉」的我們一臉狐疑,竟被農人訓了頓:「是沒讀過書嗎?」。在兩三年前終於找了北科大土木防災所的陳世楷老師來證實,發現我們果然受限於現代科學專注主題的的偏廢:集水區上游坡地上的湖泊濕地,除了有分散滯洪的效果,入滲形成的伏流最後也會成為下游河溪的補注來源。這樣的資源經營觀並非只在台灣展現,近年印度推動 </span><span lang="EN-US">Water Johad </span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">的恢復</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">,利用山腰谷地由半圓形土堤圍攔地表逕流的傳統地景技術,來增加下游區域水井的水源補注,讓水資源的調節,有別於水庫,更趨近自然運作、且省工節能、具備可恢復性。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: , serif;"><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">至此,您應已能理解,一切都是因為保水的重要,和禾水梯田甘願耗費勞力、放棄產量的可能提高,不為另闢蹊徑標榜什麼,而純粹是對這些無家可歸濕地物種的不捨,以及繼續對田產傳承的保護心意啊。</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif;">和禾水梯田對於糧食安全的產量貢獻微不足道;而整體農地要養活七十億人口也必須維持有效產量。但農地為我們承擔的環境功能其實不僅只生產糧食,</span>因此從農地的區位及其與周遭環境的關連性,針對重要無可取代的功能角色,例如湧泉帶、能補注地下水、能保護受脅生物、攸關海洋洄游生物、有滯洪或調節都市氣候的農田,我們都應重視對它的維護投資。和禾水梯田,就在這環境貢獻的光譜上,繼續因為您的合作支持而稱職扮演這關鍵的角色。<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmcHurJehYw3lUdhTZ2tx1RWP8RLN2Dw49IzpkMKSrS5u3q1dfbqFzIAKNSwkIVn9Cp684FPu0hwstOhD-Z8ZugNaI0-zIWclLqzUdc1NUNQWb2zQM8PVz32NGTIM-6d9hUSkToQmV-vY/s1600/%25E4%25BF%259D%25E6%25B0%25B49.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmcHurJehYw3lUdhTZ2tx1RWP8RLN2Dw49IzpkMKSrS5u3q1dfbqFzIAKNSwkIVn9Cp684FPu0hwstOhD-Z8ZugNaI0-zIWclLqzUdc1NUNQWb2zQM8PVz32NGTIM-6d9hUSkToQmV-vY/s400/%25E4%25BF%259D%25E6%25B0%25B49.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> </span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; text-indent: 24pt;">前幾天借來割草機加掛集稻器測試,一開始沒調整妥適,因而眾人以為這樣的重量負荷得在放乾田地才好使用,引發了「田可以乾多久」的討論。雖然後來找到合宜的調整面於這個糾結,但我們也清楚討論了不使「和禾」保全的以上諸多生態系服務減損的原則。若將來因為主客觀因素調整我們對外宣告的農法(終年湛水、本地育秧、無農藥除草劑、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: 24pt;">12</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; text-indent: 24pt;">馬以下機械或人力牛力耕作、</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">防除外來入侵種),生產班會進行環境差異調查,確認對保全對象的影響後,再決定是否可行,或進行分級履歷公告。這是我們的自我要求,也是我們對公部門及支持者信任合作的承諾!</span><br />
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方韻如http://www.blogger.com/profile/16459298780585727898noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7965113376226269247.post-21609638125405521382016-06-20T22:27:00.002-07:002016-06-21T03:21:26.275-07:00貢寮人的驕傲--桂竹<br />
說到貢寮人的驕傲,大概就是桂竹了。驕傲了許久,可真正知道的人少,於是今年「和禾小旅行」,我們第一次跟大家走進桂竹林裡頭,認識貢寮人的驕傲。<br />
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竹林中打照面,兩人手上拎著一根根桂竹筍,</div>
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就像〈臥虎藏龍〉場景中的短兵相接。</div>
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貢寮的桂竹,從筍到竹都得益於東北角的濕冷氣候,長得比其他地方來得細且韌。這樣的竹與筍有什麼好處呢?解答這個問題前,請大家先跟著二哥「抽絲剝筍」吧!步驟是:(1)先將筍尖端纖維拗個半斷、(2)食指與中指指腹抵住未斷的上部筍尖,開始往竹筍基部繞去。<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12.8px;">一個口令一個動作,卻讓大家著迷般一根接著一根剝。</span></td></tr>
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接著(3)對還殘留在筍上的竹籜纖維,再做一次指繞剝皮,就成了晶瑩剔透的翠綠筍心。最後(4)用指甲測試筍心的嫩度,截斷、留下我們可以食用的部分。</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12.8px;">從笨拙到熟練,完美剝出一根桂竹筍超讓人開心。</span><br />
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貢寮的桂竹筍,為何整個年頭都能品嚐且口感獨到?除了因為冬天能種的蔬菜少,大家多將桂竹筍殺青、保存度冬;也得益於天氣濕冷而生長緩慢、質地緻密,可以保存較久而口感依舊。難怪有次聽說貢寮人家收到外地的桂竹筍贈禮,收禮人家心下卻嘀咕:「阿捏甘丟?」</div>
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<tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEic_KDx_WL_43PxMDDrHZF4xDLd14aGavbz4ts8DDnDPHnPuKE-1M0-Y9WoYF5roM_iskI019Lq9Af_wzq3OLTLOsWzzhQGMr4AgYlK-csw6ExO5Cg92llGpQ_-huWzifgVOK7txh8GSwC2/s1600/13435359_591587381016640_8038220885372827411_n+%25281%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEic_KDx_WL_43PxMDDrHZF4xDLd14aGavbz4ts8DDnDPHnPuKE-1M0-Y9WoYF5roM_iskI019Lq9Af_wzq3OLTLOsWzzhQGMr4AgYlK-csw6ExO5Cg92llGpQ_-huWzifgVOK7txh8GSwC2/s400/13435359_591587381016640_8038220885372827411_n+%25281%2529.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;">每戶人家自有殺青前後的獨門工夫,<br />
去除酵素、留住鮮味,然後就可以保存了。</td></tr>
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過去貢寮平地有許多竹業加工廠,多數是製掃帚柄。貢寮桂竹適中的粗細、緻密的韌性,深受漁民(古早蹦火仔、魚簍,與手工自製釣竿)、林務局(海岸防風圍籬)、保育團體(軟絲的產房)、中南部農民(種植支架)與日本進口商(庭園造景)所喜愛。古早環境條件好的時候,貢寮火車站附近有桂竹的日商加工大廠,耆老說起當時大老闆來台時的人聲鼎沸,畫面鮮明、湧入腦裡。</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIk1KEzBcdUeFgV7FzzNlt9NplMdPdAjEy1Uy2zwL-2hjxMbr7NJWP7mulYklmNHCmMBaTzbWWd56kKmCU8JiI97q3raQwR0jC19GswIHyovqlxnsTLrcRVzLojrAM0Qp3r3mYk9cqcosJ/s1600/P1160240%25E7%25AB%25B9%25E6%259D%2590-%25E6%2596%25B9.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="265" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIk1KEzBcdUeFgV7FzzNlt9NplMdPdAjEy1Uy2zwL-2hjxMbr7NJWP7mulYklmNHCmMBaTzbWWd56kKmCU8JiI97q3raQwR0jC19GswIHyovqlxnsTLrcRVzLojrAM0Qp3r3mYk9cqcosJ/s400/P1160240%25E7%25AB%25B9%25E6%259D%2590-%25E6%2596%25B9.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12.8px;">桂竹出筍前1個月,已開始有在地人家,路邊整理桂竹成綑。</span></td></tr>
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不過,別以為桂竹的好,得來全不費工夫。沒成美味入口的筍,也會成竹,家有竹林的人得定期養護--留3去4不留7,好的竹子至少長3年以上,第4年的竹子品質最佳,7年以後的老竹不砍不行。</div>
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透過對竹林的定期疏伐,竹林地因此維持了健康。相較於一叢一叢生長、竹林密不透風,因此被在地人家當成地界與防風林的「八芝蘭竹」(冇咸仔);桂竹則是地下的走莖,竹子之間維持適當距離,因此能抓住大範圍的土體--水土保持,這就是貢寮人家對桂竹的愛護,所創造出來的生態系服務了。<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgb-OatRy8Q43AlrNSpF9X_OcRytu0dB4SPTDglRC7Haf4jdLYXEchN86y9sVeAToVz0Mv_xDLqIh8KLAlHrvL_99dlpp_UMUgPiu67y2r8KCXzSRHMvpTJGW4xBrV-tdtV1_49oKm_Hd6u/s1600/P1110648%25E7%25AB%25B9%25E5%259C%258D-%25E6%2596%25B9.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="262" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgb-OatRy8Q43AlrNSpF9X_OcRytu0dB4SPTDglRC7Haf4jdLYXEchN86y9sVeAToVz0Mv_xDLqIh8KLAlHrvL_99dlpp_UMUgPiu67y2r8KCXzSRHMvpTJGW4xBrV-tdtV1_49oKm_Hd6u/s400/P1110648%25E7%25AB%25B9%25E5%259C%258D-%25E6%2596%25B9.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">用於防風、標示地界的竹圍,都為合軸叢生莖,<br />
地下莖貼著母竹的基桿岀筍成竹,密不透風。</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTFaIoeyio-5TQj8a8OJs7oPn3jDx8NppRTVCgIDrjG4Ae0F2dCd4S8f1gPPRMvscQMbAevHEJQE7tTRo6Fs9GourUyiLHacuCNcBfA7pb0iMW-eIzpbFFXIHnbE7xzueylErVpYxju3VO/s1600/P1110399.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTFaIoeyio-5TQj8a8OJs7oPn3jDx8NppRTVCgIDrjG4Ae0F2dCd4S8f1gPPRMvscQMbAevHEJQE7tTRo6Fs9GourUyiLHacuCNcBfA7pb0iMW-eIzpbFFXIHnbE7xzueylErVpYxju3VO/s400/P1110399.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">彼此相鄰不是太親暱的桂竹,因此利於水土保持。</td></tr>
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狸老闆說,有些地主沒有時間跟人工,所以也會有人專門組成桂竹收成工班,去幫地主疏伐、收成桂竹林,然後再賣出拆帳。但那天跟嬸婆聊天,也聽說人丁不多的現在,有少數工班進人家的竹林地,一次就把桂竹砍光,最後桂竹林就慢慢演變成桂竹、喬木混生的林分。</div>
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所以如果你來到貢寮,不妨多對桂竹林留上心,頭好壯壯的桂竹林背後,除了是獨特氣候造就的驕傲,也是貢寮人努力的結晶啊。</div>
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延伸閱讀資料:<br />
(1) <a href="http://handle.ncl.edu.tw/11296/ndltd/47318431124119543621" target="_blank">伐採強度對桂竹林分碳儲存及土壤沖蝕的影響,陳芳全,2016</a><br />
(2) <a href="http://handle.ncl.edu.tw/11296/ndltd/99400103154973485951" target="_blank">估算臺灣竹林碳匯之研究—以臺東縣延平鄉桂竹林為例,陳惠芳,2014</a><br />
(3) <a href="http://handle.ncl.edu.tw/11296/ndltd/51445996029639575227" target="_blank">桂竹林土根系統調查及其根力特性之研究,謝明廷,2009</a></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7965113376226269247.post-31584702222063036522016-04-28T22:44:00.000-07:002016-06-08T01:51:20.103-07:00【養蜂問答錄】挲草與採蜜的曖昧關連<div>
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「趁稻子還不高,草卡緊挲挲。」插秧後1個月,趁稻子還沒長到扎眼的高度,農人們抓緊空檔挲第一次草,除了挲草入肥,據說也是擾動稻子的側根,讓稻子根系可以扎得更深更穩。<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4a-T4BV23hFk-K6cSiIMz_E3jOEZA7UrkjtFQWyVfvGJdH22Qw_mi0EIDpeNrjhNb5Z6vwLNCmI7rmF2LYaieI98iyhUE2ntrzrsLTdimECbiBl0zyExcHW9ZtIWEqm9IIqLGDLAwhcZH/s1600/%25E6%258F%2592%25E7%25A7%25A7.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4a-T4BV23hFk-K6cSiIMz_E3jOEZA7UrkjtFQWyVfvGJdH22Qw_mi0EIDpeNrjhNb5Z6vwLNCmI7rmF2LYaieI98iyhUE2ntrzrsLTdimECbiBl0zyExcHW9ZtIWEqm9IIqLGDLAwhcZH/s1600/%25E6%258F%2592%25E7%25A7%25A7.jpg" /></a></div>
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<a name='more'></a> 趁這時,新春數鳥嘉年華田寮洋冠軍隊、跨社區大學「國家公園之美與生態旅遊」學員,以及台大森林系「森林遊憩」課程紛紛加入我們的行列一起挲草,只見前人插秧的行距,決定了大家在田間移動的各種姿勢。<br />
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田間的人們忙碌、田埂上花草也不時見到野蜂等昆蟲逡巡。守隆兼為稻子與野蜂的保姆,又作講師分享山村故事,我們在匆忙的交談中催生出養蜂問答錄。<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWcJk6roIYmz3XTJrkQTlHgrxXU8OusjG1eWDhXL-Srh8FB7aAcMpwNd4bYhUzqceF5diTbXWhzXauXkAHuVbifTKju21LNLSfexJs5xauUKgZYEGFsnkQMQQZV9kARTAEKy8d771RNGuL/s1600/L33C5063-600.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWcJk6roIYmz3XTJrkQTlHgrxXU8OusjG1eWDhXL-Srh8FB7aAcMpwNd4bYhUzqceF5diTbXWhzXauXkAHuVbifTKju21LNLSfexJs5xauUKgZYEGFsnkQMQQZV9kARTAEKy8d771RNGuL/s1600/L33C5063-600.jpg" /></a></div>
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<b> Q: 多數人都進口出蜜量較高的義大利蜂 (<i>Apis mellifera ligustica</i>)來養,為什麼你養中國蜂 <i>(Apis Cerana)?</i></b><br />
A: (1) 中國蜂是原生種,從初春的紅楠、香楠,偶爾特調田邊野花草,到了端午前後的樹杞、紅淡比,年復一年已有很好的默契。進口外來蜂種,會有增加傳染性病害的風險。(2) 山上較冷,原生種的中國蜂跟義大利蜂比起來,越冬能力也更強。<br />
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<b> Q: 這個季節,中國蜂採那些花?</b><br />
A: 這陣子中國蜂採森林百花蜜:杜虹、大花咸豐草、水芹菜、夏枯草...種種田邊野花草都是順口的目標。如果氣候沒有異常,再過兩、三週先採樹杞蜜,然後端午再採紅淡比。森氏紅淡比是上品,為了讓紅淡比清新可口的蜜香突出,會在端午前先採收一批森林百花蜜<span style="color: #666666; font-size: x-small;">(註1)</span>。<br />
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<b> Q: 在照顧過程中,中國蜂會遭遇哪些天敵?</b><br />
A: 在山上,中國蜂的天敵主要是「養蜂人」,你沒看錯,如果養蜂人在蜜源少的時候採收蜂蜜,很可能對蜂群造成重大傷害。所以選在百花盛開的時候採收,對蜂工來說才是好的老闆。什麼時候花少呢?天氣嚴寒、颱風或長雨季時,昆蟲活動力也弱,這時陣無花無蜜源,所以要避免採收。秋天是虎頭蜂茁壯的季節,這時也是養蜂人展現老闆氣慨的時候囉!<br />
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<b> Q: 每天例行的照顧有哪些?特別的狀況與應對?</b><br />
A: 平地有些蜂箱會款水給蜜蜂喝,水梯田就是蜜蜂最好的飲水機,顧好水田就是顧好水源。有時陣,你要幫蜜蜂整理厝內的蟲,維持居家環境的整潔。在少數天氣極度惡劣的時候,幫蜜蜂轉移到更多蜜源的陣地,就是另一番功夫。長期下來,不成為棲地專家都難!<br />
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<b> Q: 最常被問的問題是?</b><br />
A: 最常被要電話。<span style="color: #999999;">(守隆很帥,但被要電話通常是買蜜啦!)</span><br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZeMcBBXRNXLa8UxPt2GoBv85N4FnwuUpI3pV1Fc7-nvbP4nolcCfnYans7jwnnIgDYIRtZiGW0L8D2dydzwfFnOSCJwUQsFPBVMWrPWWUyG1Q7kSuP5dp1tEzxxHPs4iR9Em3Lj9agYy0/s1600/P1110072.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZeMcBBXRNXLa8UxPt2GoBv85N4FnwuUpI3pV1Fc7-nvbP4nolcCfnYans7jwnnIgDYIRtZiGW0L8D2dydzwfFnOSCJwUQsFPBVMWrPWWUyG1Q7kSuP5dp1tEzxxHPs4iR9Em3Lj9agYy0/s640/P1110072.JPG" width="480" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">廢棄的木頭中間鏤空,原來是在地人給蜂作巢的傳統撇步。</td></tr>
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蜂農同時也為稻農,終年湛水的梯田,提供穩定、乾淨的水源給蜂與野花草;蜂幫野花草授粉,而根據樹伯的觀察,即使是風媒傳粉的稻子,也有10%仰賴蜜蜂授粉;在這時節,生長在田間的水生植物,則被挲入田土中成為稻子的養分,這大概就是一種大家總是享受到、卻很少指認出來的【稻蜂共生】<span style="font-size: x-small;">(註2)</span>吧!<br />
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註1:詳見<a href="http://kongaliao-water-terrace.blogspot.tw/2012/07/blog-post.html" target="_blank">〈如何讓你遇見我~在我最美麗的時候〉</a><br />
註2:感受這個季節的【稻蜂共生】,<a href="http://monghoho.blogspot.tw/2016/04/blog-post_18.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">《和禾小旅行--小滿呦</span>》</a>邀您挲草+採蜜+野地體驗,現場體驗並向養蜂達人請教訣竅!</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7965113376226269247.post-35662915908895077872016-04-15T00:19:00.000-07:002016-06-08T01:24:19.616-07:00坐聽「穀雨」望「小滿」:和禾小旅行--小滿呦<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"> 總算,秧苗捱過長長的冷冽住進水田。大家暫時放下戰鬥的身心鬆口氣,與割草、翻田整平、剷秧、挑秧、插秧,還有種種後勤補給的農忙暫別。在等候與見證田間生機茁壯這時,睽違已久的《和禾小旅行》準備上場了。對新手狸子來說,問題馬上浮現:<b>「接下來的季節,山上分享什麼豐腴?」</b></span></span><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">蜂是花精神,山上暖活起來之後,也越見精神了!</span></td></tr>
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<a name='more'></a><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: small;"> 回答這個問題,去野外走走準沒錯!一看到守隆家的蜂箱才突然</span><span style="font-size: small;">發現--即使像蜜蜂這麼辛勤,似也比農戶晚了幾步!在香楠、華八仙、月桃、柚子樹紛紛開花後,</span><span style="font-size: small;">忙碌的獵蜜行列成了田邊的另一番聲景</span><span style="font-size: small;">。</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: small;"> 偶然一次有位朋友問守隆:「真的有那麼多蜂王嗎?」、「今年作物都受寒,蜜蜂沒受寒嗎?」、「今年的蜜收成會怎麼樣?」啊丟!不只一年的農事會受到影響,《和禾農人》的兼業--養蜂,今年還好嗎?只見</span><span style="font-size: small;">一提到蜂,守隆整個人精神奕奕、談了開來:</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> 「蜂群在某些時候會有『分蜂熱』,一群裡的青壯開始騷動要另外成家,這時陣你有技巧介入,就可以讓蜂王帶著各自的群繁衍。今年蜂群的確受到寒流影響變得很少,毋擱也是有些善用岩壁縫隙、樹洞的蜂群,躲得好好的。」</span><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">這個蜂巢蠟片是採什麼花蜜來的?讓達人告訴你!<a href="https://www.newsmarket.com.tw/blog/72407/" target="_blank"><span style="color: #999999;">(關於樹杞蜜)</span></a></span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"> 聽守隆聊了蜜蜂ㄟ後幾工,我又停在蜂箱前面觀察蜜蜂搖擺屁股、指引同伴採蜜方向,發現果然蜂箱附近總是簇生各種植物,有的剛開過花、有的正在綻放、有的還要再陣子,輪流餵飽免費提供自然授粉服務的野蜂;而蜂箱上總會有樹冠庇蔭,為之後的日曬酷熱做準備。養蜂人這麼投入生命、悉心照料,難怪一聊起蜂來,整個人都在發光。</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: small;"> 再過一陣子,稻子抽高了、田間的生物大家庭逐漸繁茂,跟著蜂箱會飄出哪種花蜜香?如果離稻子收成還久,我們可以期待蜂</span><span style="font-size: small;">蜜</span><span style="font-size: small;">的收成吧?來看5/15, 5/16, 5/21</span><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B7LBBI_ho0zIYjJHckJlMF82Mk0/view?usp=sharing" style="font-size: x-large;" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue; font-size: small;">【和禾小旅行--小滿呦】</span></a><span style="font-size: small;">精彩行程,到穀漿「小滿」時,有我們期待分享給大家的豐腴!</span></span><br />
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<span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://eeft.neticrm.tw/civicrm/event/info?reset=1&id=14" target="_blank">《報名請點我》</a></span></span><br />
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7965113376226269247.post-66022809658260569552016-03-29T02:57:00.000-07:002016-04-07T20:45:48.962-07:00你瞭你的未來嗎?中學生當自強,來作「綠野觀察家」!<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigb1FA4g7PiQkuWN-Hk3Ji3D871aUAwMTH5AaEECuYSONKSrzTSVQElepH3zBjx_q8Lk6edyMadQrq1FVHi1PUCUBO4w9wPOmkhlwOSGcd-TYL8FEVLbTeHs4zC_ogrjaCRJHx_JHcNS8/s1600/%25E5%259C%2596%25E7%2589%25873.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigb1FA4g7PiQkuWN-Hk3Ji3D871aUAwMTH5AaEECuYSONKSrzTSVQElepH3zBjx_q8Lk6edyMadQrq1FVHi1PUCUBO4w9wPOmkhlwOSGcd-TYL8FEVLbTeHs4zC_ogrjaCRJHx_JHcNS8/s400/%25E5%259C%2596%25E7%2589%25873.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">教育部補助的推廣計畫又來了,我們強力邀請北北基宜的有志中學生,來《和禾水梯田》的田野教室,深入</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24.1pt;">地下社會,認識在我們居住的城鎮之外,還有哪些維繫我們生活未來的基盤環境。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">自己的未來自己救,維繫未來的環境,當然自己也要瞭!</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">因為城鎮都市的生活能正常運作,背後總有自然環境的默默支持;我們談「永續」,談「調適」,如果看不見這些生態系統,不知道它現在的品質與遭受的壓力,怎麼能理解如何保護自己的未來?農田,一直都展現人與自然互相照顧的合作;農人也展現了對土地越友善,土地回報得就越多。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">貢寮《和禾生產班》,用既傳統又先進的生態農法,與老天爺合作守護那飽受威脅的水田濕地生態,同時也涵養潔淨的水資源、維繫河海的生產力。在這個例子裡,可以發現照顧土地的方式好多種,需要照顧的面向也還有百百樣;透過實地觀察及對談,也可以發現有多少生命需要跟我們一起生活在這裡。</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjck6vAJSKc4XTpSu2-1LNpDnpfVYmxSGjJnEXH9AGPVdJYoxq0-hkBlAFE3aM2vDjl_0kV2897uU1bsBujQzHk5KkB-WQDrt8Mx3A4JdwIACkyG5_5uxDrx0RKNCBqIkSDql-MlLtaNN0/s1600/%25E5%259C%2596%25E7%2589%25872.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="261" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjck6vAJSKc4XTpSu2-1LNpDnpfVYmxSGjJnEXH9AGPVdJYoxq0-hkBlAFE3aM2vDjl_0kV2897uU1bsBujQzHk5KkB-WQDrt8Mx3A4JdwIACkyG5_5uxDrx0RKNCBqIkSDql-MlLtaNN0/s400/%25E5%259C%2596%25E7%2589%25872.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">這次計畫課程的合作講師《和禾生產班》,首開農人合作重要生物棲地保育的案例,結合傳統不用農藥的在地智慧,保護了<span lang="EN-US">5</span>百多種生物的棲地,並希望水梯田的友善續耕或復耕,能讓水資源的調節涵養更完整。這個案例目前也在聯合國《里山倡議國際伙伴組織網絡<span lang="EN-US">IPSI</span>》中。除了有效監測生態保育的成效,《和禾》推出的友善農產品,也讓關心自己環境的消費者有貢獻保育的機會。<span lang="EN-US">2014</span>年起開始推出《和禾四季小旅行》及《和禾梯田深呼吸》的生態體驗學習,我們希望在這裡發展環境學習,包括以下的這些內涵:</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiC2QZ9Jw9GsB1fDHKrykjaOLTwtXZOaq4utQ-LkBSvd76uOToN2IaRgvWXtPz5Rlpl10cOHwBcDszGSkNSJcKfoHu55jaDUePboAnd9_eDYLEmsLnSxX-XJkohTiDb-LQrh2qYmwXX-rE/s1600/d.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiC2QZ9Jw9GsB1fDHKrykjaOLTwtXZOaq4utQ-LkBSvd76uOToN2IaRgvWXtPz5Rlpl10cOHwBcDszGSkNSJcKfoHu55jaDUePboAnd9_eDYLEmsLnSxX-XJkohTiDb-LQrh2qYmwXX-rE/s400/d.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24.1pt;">能說出與課綱的關係是很重要,能理出學到哪些知能也很重要;<b><u>但更重要的是:真實地看到照顧台灣土地的不同方式、認識那些支撐我們安全生活的農人與農地,然後踩進土裡,發現原來裡面有片豐饒的小世界!</u></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24.1pt;">去年,有來自北市及新北市的國高中師生參與,我們來聽聽他們怎麼說:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「有的學生在踩進田之前尖叫了<span lang="EN-US">10</span>分鐘,但下去就不想上來了。」<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「我永遠不會忘記老師介紹的許多昆蟲和水梯田的益處。」<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「讓大家接觸泥土,從踩稻頭了解農人的辛苦。」<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「舉步維艱卻又步步踏實,很特別的體驗。」<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「最印象深刻的就是踏進泥巴裡,那種沁涼和軟軟的感覺超奇妙。」<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「剛下田時會害怕會排斥昆蟲,但下去久了就會開始想仔細觀察。」<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">係金ㄟ蓋促瞇?!歡迎有志中學生的有志教師報名參與,快<span style="color: blue; font-size: small;"><b><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B7LBBI_ho0zINjNIT21oNVFIZ3M/view?usp=sharing" style="background-color: lime; color: blue; font-size: x-large;" target="_blank">點選簡章</a><span style="font-size: medium;">及</span><span style="color: blue; font-size: large;"><a href="https://eeft.neticrm.tw/civicrm/event/info?reset=1&id=13" style="background-color: yellow;" target="_blank">報名網址</a></span></b></span>撩落去!</span><b><u><span lang="EN-US">九月十</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">月名額較多喔!</span></u></b></div>
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方韻如http://www.blogger.com/profile/16459298780585727898noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7965113376226269247.post-11758299714072310382016-03-14T19:07:00.000-07:002016-03-15T02:01:19.923-07:00生活在「深呼吸」中持續醱酵<span style="font-size: small;"> 就在三週前,跟著狸老闆、狸子一同去拜訪在山中隱居的王伯。地上團團塊塊的苔跡、絮叨不休的閒話家常,暗示這是王伯家難得「人聲鼎沸」的一天。「釀酒」的準備工作,就在鳥鳴、狗吠與柴燒開水的劈剝聲響中急急開始。</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">蒸熟也散熱後的米團,和著酒麴入缸。</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">四天過去,人們需要的酒液漸漸現身。這段過程就是<span style="font-size: xx-small;">【醱酵</span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;">】</span></span></div>
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<a name='more'></a> 釀酒是狸老闆為了感謝「和夥人」們作夥保育的心意,預先款好堆包成山的「和禾碎米」、狸子一邊秤著斤兩,三人圍蹲成小圈圈浸水淘米。早春冷冽的山泉水直直流,馴化如我,只見山上的野生狸子習以為常洗著碎米,口中念著:『最好能先泡8小時,米才好炊熟,泡超過了會酸掉。』<br />
約莫這時候,另一邊王伯端出了「炊飯鍋、竹編墊與網袋」,狸老闆示範將竹編墊仔細清洗置底、再鋪上網袋,最後把淘洗好的「和禾碎米」緩緩傾倒進炊飯鍋,這麼做是為了不讓米飯在炊熟的過程中焦結在鍋底。<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">兩個炊飯鍋輪流上陣,它們得消化前面好幾盆淘洗好的米。</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-size: small;"> 『炊熟的飯粒猶愛燜一段時間,今也(chim ma)差不多啊。』王伯打開鍋蓋,雙手拿起網袋一翻,巨型的米糕陡然跌落在冷卻鍋裡,騰騰冒著熱氣。</span><span style="font-size: small;">想像自己是一枚小小酒麴,雖然炊熟的米飯又香又軟,但湧身跳入</span><span style="font-size: small;">這麼高溫的環境</span><span style="font-size: small;">無異求死,『所以恁愛用木匙先把飯攪拌、散熱』。在王伯的解說下,狸老闆在前端淘洗米粒,狸子與我則化身成小小酒麴的巨型中央空調,一條(雙手保養三溫暖的)生產線就自然而然形成了。</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;"> 回憶當時,處理的米量很大,大夥一邊出工,一邊聊到田區休養生息後、不日就要重新上線的「和禾梯田深呼吸」。忘了狸老闆還是狸子說-</span><span style="font-size: small;">-</span><span style="font-size: small;">『釀酒可能也可以發展成一套方案。』</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"> 從今年初開始,新狸子偶爾有機會上山,每次總會從貢寮山村生活中得到感動與啟發。在生活片段中透過勞動、聆聽、深呼吸,因而對環境周遭的氣候、生物、微生物有了不同的覺察。這種時候,會十分期待能在「和禾梯田深呼吸」,用相同的呼吸頻率,傳遞這些體感勝於言說的收穫,分享給山下的朋友。</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;"> 三個禮拜後的今天,2016年的<a href="http://monghoho.blogspot.tw/p/blog-page_22.html" target="_blank">「和禾梯田深呼吸</a></span><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="http://monghoho.blogspot.tw/p/blog-page_22.html" target="_blank">(請點選)</a></span><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="http://monghoho.blogspot.tw/p/blog-page_22.html" target="_blank">」</a>重新上線了,</span><span style="font-size: small;">3,4月的團體預約來得很快,搭配山上的農事作息,已差不多額滿。5月後的行程,如果您覺得該是時候出去走走、跳轉環境,不妨切換呼吸頻率,與我們一起讓生活在「和禾梯田深呼吸」中持續</span><span style="font-size: small;">醱</span><span style="font-size: small;">酵。</span><br />
<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7965113376226269247.post-36788555191111293582016-02-16T00:05:00.001-08:002016-02-16T00:07:01.783-08:002016和禾保育和夥人招募<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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老田新耕,等您一起來作夥喔!<a href="http://monghoho.blogspot.tw/2016/02/2016.html"><span style="color: blue;">http://monghoho.blogspot.tw/2016/02/2016.html</span></a></div>
<br />方韻如http://www.blogger.com/profile/16459298780585727898noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7965113376226269247.post-37384084903628215302015-12-29T12:00:00.000-08:002015-12-29T23:10:00.396-08:00【冬至】感謝有你,天公伯嘛歡喜<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">四年前的歲末,隨著整年邊學農作邊觀察的</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">生態調查與田間記錄</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">,</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">確認了貢寮</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">「不跟天討太多」</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的在地傳統淺耕循環作業,確實可以作為現代保育的工具。</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">水梯田的環境貢獻也一一清楚地浮現輪廓:</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">維繫嚴重受脅的農田濕地棲地、洄游動物的完整水域廊道、林緣動物及人們的水資源等,都靠這</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">。但周遭環境正快速變動中,得苦思著:這些公益的環境價值,若繼續默默不為人知,或仍只由農產品的市場機制來定生死,沒保障的並不只是農人,而是所有要使用環境功能及都市維生系統的我們大家。</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">於是,怎麼讓這處因為封閉而保存下來的環境,變成「因為合作而保存下來的共生系統」,就是我們接著努力的目標。於是,一步一步開始了想像中的「合作社」。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">四年後的冬至,我們感謝有大家一起加入這合作社,支持貢寮的農民有尊嚴地顧好祖先留下的土地、顧好大家所需要的生態系服務。「和禾」的意思原就是用「口」串連起生態禾,並重新串連起你我和土地和生物們的關係,原本我們稱「和禾田」為「和天公伯一起種的田」,現在更成了「大家和天公伯一起看顧的田」。秉持著「自己的環境自己顧」,這個由「環境權益關係人」組成的合作社,透過消費支持、勞力換工、或親身體驗土地智慧把心得傳播出去,更有很多在台灣其他各地的朋友互相交流學習,形成了想多顧其他生物一些的友善農業陣線。</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">2015</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">這一年,我們有</span><span lang="EN-US">100</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">組和夥人,在插秧之初就直接預購,同時還有每個月</span><span lang="EN-US">100</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">元的保育捐款,不計米糧收成,支持農人對</span><span lang="EN-US">7</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">甲地自然生命的包容。當中的體驗型和夥人、及還有金牌割稻隊的不分本地外地的</span><span style="color: #00000a; font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">「青年割友會」</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">成員,在田區最需要大量人手的挲草割稻期間,滴下你們的汗水來灌溉。這些生產成果,很幸運地都進了「用口支持環境」的朋友肚子裡,還有</span><span lang="EN-US">5</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">對新人及新手爸媽,用喜餅滿月禮讓我們一起見證了幸福的分享。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">在人禾基金會移轉培力經驗之後,</span><span lang="EN-US">2015</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">這一年,和禾生產班共辦理了</span><span lang="EN-US">61</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">場體驗學習活動。以「狸和禾小穀倉」為單一窗口的體驗產業也大幅往前走,與更多朋友分享土地上的學習,同時也使年輕及中生代的農夫有更多時間在地投入、更看重自己的保育價值,也帶來了更多從民間對保育經費的善意循環。年初「和禾田邊聊寮」啟用讓我們終於有了固定的教室,加上蕭家提供生產班共同租用的「環教公田」,參訪體驗的場域使用順暢了。我們希望在這裡發展深度的學習:串連農糧與環境的真實關係、在現與季節緊密相關的傳統吃、還給年輕世代相自然學習的機會、一起彎腰傾聽土地的溫柔敦厚。而感謝參與的團體及個人,願意一起遵守生產班的原則,每一次付費的活動,都繼續成就了生產班的保育運作。我們相信這</span><span lang="EN-US">1700</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">位朋友從這裡帶走的愉快經驗後,會讓更多朋友發現土地上的美好與危機,還有我們這一年</span><span lang="EN-US">32</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">場講座,面對面交流過的</span><span lang="EN-US">1400</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">位夥伴也是。今年還有新北市政府觀光旅遊局願意打破傳統觀光框架,嘗試「觀光環教化」的在地合作,以及國立台灣博物館,在公務員環境教育四小時課程中的融入推動。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">這背後的一點一滴,還要謝謝肯夢朱平先生帶領的悅日人大家庭的持續支持,從對碾米機選石機、和禾歲記、田邊聊寮的贊助、持續說和禾故事給更多都市的朋友知道,尤其每次來訪真心交換的笑容,都是最美的力量。邁向</span><span lang="EN-US">2016</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">,我們又多了南天召集的五個扶輪社贊助支持環教公田的發展。另外,二分之一市集的三位美女、總犧牲休假協助市集的狸公關、海山餅店偉雄、松園小屋及溪洲農用書店的戰友、總在市區吆喝共購的和夥人子菁、協助產品設計的桔聚創藝、揉眼睛、秀麗,因為你們和禾精神被消化得更落實。當然一路還有林務局要周全保護台灣生物多樣性的使命感,沒有放棄這森林以外最大面積的陸域生態系;以及用他們專業投入的「和禾歲記」影片製作團隊偉傑、欽慧、柯大哥、書禹,水域調查專業的觀察家生態顧問公司,生產班因此有了動人的方式可以好好論述,並謝謝受了感動又幫我們轉化論述的專業媒體朋友。然後,每年至少上一天水梯田課的貢寮國中孩子們,我們在等你們接棒!</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">台灣可以進口糧食,但進口不了土地上長出的生命、和它們帶動的營養及能量的運轉、及它們一起維繫從森林到海洋的生機;進口不了潔淨循環的水資源、流動的風、與適當的溫度;更買不到與土地互相合作的經驗傳承。還好這些進口不了買不到的,都有我們合作社撐著!我們是烏合之眾,甚至彼此未曾謀面,但在歲末想好好謝謝,因為你們,貢寮一輩子腳踏實地的長輩們及天公伯,攏嘛歡喜。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">新的一年挑戰不少,但和禾生產班準備好了。農青狸小編已配備好了生態查驗的能力;狸和禾將繼續統整生產班組成「生產合作社」的能量,人禾會組織來自城鎮的「消費合作社」的支持,繼續我們和農田諸多生命攏嘛歡喜的未來。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">【立冬】<span lang="EN-US">11/7--</span>【冬至】<span lang="EN-US">12/30</span>:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">《做什麼》:最後水草的巡禮、再不翻田就要吃稀飯了、田寮髮際線越來越高得搶好天割白茅、挖地瓜做蕃薯粿、到城裡市集交流。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">《站出去》:赤腳在水田會冷,碰面要提醒尾牙,很多的感謝與回顧。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">《最搶眼》:長腳赤蛙是難得的射手寶寶,中白鷺白腰草鷸到田裡,芒花翻飛提醒我們還有很多草地乾著。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
方韻如http://www.blogger.com/profile/16459298780585727898noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7965113376226269247.post-49384672903156389582015-11-14T18:59:00.000-08:002015-11-16T02:51:05.166-08:00【霜降】大地水鏡的調節口--埤巖修復了<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">「怎麼好像歪了?」當最後一顆巖石疊上去後我問,二哥神回答:「你去問我祖公啦。問他打石的時候怎麼沒打方正。」我才再回神這埤巖的古老,從蕭家一代傳一代都還守護著這片水田。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">寒露到霜降之間,和禾水梯田陸續開始翻田,二期和天公伯一起種做野生物的繁盛景象,也將化為一片單純的水鏡,在田泥中為大地醞釀下一季的生機。為了幫水草多爭取一些完成繁衍生命史的時間,這幾年我們翻田的時間已稍稍延後,但又希望較粗壯的稻株基部能有充分的時間分解,因此九月十月揪來不少團體參與「踩稻頭」,用雙腳先把稻頭踩壓到飽含水的泥土裡;也順便把割稻時打穀機器桶旁堆疊的稻桿拋散,以便日後犁田的動作省力些。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">立冬,用手用牛用小翻耕機,大家幾乎都翻完了。剛好迎接今年豐沛的降雨,像一階階小水庫般接住雨水,再慢慢地順著高差重力往下一階或牛踏層以下滲流,像水塔開了小小水龍頭一樣,拉長時間卻又源源不斷地供應枋腳溪水,再從下游的貢寮淨水廠送往東北角各城鎮的家家戶戶。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">但分佈最連續的蕭家環教公田,卻在夏末發生了一樁小意外:保甲路埤塘中的埤巖被牛撞倒了!炎熱的日頭讓「吃素的」對這泓水心癢難耐,下埤泡水的時候撞倒了上面</span><span lang="EN-US">7</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">顆巖石。原本年久失修的埤岸就有漏洞水蓄不高,這一撞更讓水位降了</span>將近1米<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">,是好好整修的時候了!</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">埤水透過埤巖上埤拴的調控,可以把水洩到下方的茭白筍田。把水放乾的過程有些許堵塞,阿秀隨手削了旁邊的細竹子來捅,直到貫穿地下水道接到埤巖底部時,整支竹子幾乎已剩一小截,拿來一量足足有</span><span lang="EN-US">5</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">米。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">幾近正立方體的巖石,上下有大約</span><span lang="EN-US">12</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">公分的圓洞貫穿,就是洩水的主要通道。側面單邊有個</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">3</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">公分左右的橫孔,平常插著木栓封住,拔起來時這個高度以上的池水就會從這裡流到中間的洩水通道。每一顆巖石都很重,這次還有小乖乖相助吊起,很難想像蕭家祖公是如何建造的。神奇的是,要固定這麼重的砌石單柱,只見阿秀在下面的田頭腳挖了些土,加了一點點石灰土和水攪拌,兩人捏了一團團泥球塗在清洗乾淨的巖石上,就這樣膠合住土面以上的</span><span lang="EN-US">7</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">顆巖石,而從前更沒有現成的石灰,在牛撞倒前用了百年以上!</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">砌好了埤巖,抓漏修復埤岸是更大的工程。清開內側表土及蔓生的植物,二哥在漏洞清創的過程中不斷開玩笑假裝抓到鱸鰻,讓人真想目睹田裡埤裡還有大尾鱸鰻鎮著的過往豐饒。埤岸的漏洞這回很慎重地砌了矮石牆,只見他們一塊塊精準地挑選適當的石頭,再用雙腳雙手替代抹刀</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; text-indent: 24pt;">,一層土一層石地疊出略有坡度的岸牆,這種空間直覺與智慧,實在讓我們這些數化人汗顏。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">這些埤塘除了重新投入蓄水調節的工作之外,也成為赤米龜眼子菜等的棲地,在芒花或雨霧間閃爍的水鏡,背後這麼隱藏著無需動力又耐用的傳統智慧,不失傳,在因地制宜的家園維護中,相信還有用得到的時候!</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 0cm;">【進一步閱讀】</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><a href="http://kongaliao-water-terrace.blogspot.tw/2011/12/1215.html#more" target="_blank">石頭記--農用篇</a> </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif;">【處暑】<span lang="EN-US">10/8--</span>【霜降】<span lang="EN-US">11/6</span>:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif;">《做什麼》:踩稻頭、除草、散草、翻田、追山豬、最後一批茭白筍、團體參訪認識大自然二期作的尾聲。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif;">《站出去》:忽冷忽熱的天氣,今年雨水平均而豐沛,白耳畫眉灰喉山椒都下來了。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif;">《最搶眼》:在田寮洋撞見黑鳶放風箏,山谷水鏡在陽光下對空放送密碼。</span></div>
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方韻如http://www.blogger.com/profile/16459298780585727898noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7965113376226269247.post-77674187132810402015-09-30T23:40:00.000-07:002015-10-13T23:46:03.126-07:00【秋分】大自然的二期作<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-para-margin-left: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: 0cm; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd; text-indent: 24.0pt;">
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">和禾生產班種一期稻,二期呢?交給天公伯種水種野生物!</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">因為新田和環教公田的晚植,因為兩個風強雨大的颱風,在八月最底終於結束和禾史上最長的收割曬穀季。初秋只剩《狸和禾》忙著收穀碾製寄送給支持的朋友們,山村進入較為閒適的狀態,也陸續有較多的學生或朋友們參與課程。但迎接他們的不是黃澄澄或綠油油的稻作,讓這些農田觀察家充滿好奇。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a name='more'></a>其實在五月底不再挲草後,稻株的間隙就陸續冒出低矮的水草們。一直到收割時人們踩過機器桶拖過,都不減他們隨後旺盛地生長。秋天授粉昆蟲們不斷在田裡覓食,那些被人覺得不起眼的小花,在天涼前正扮演關鍵的角色幫助其他生物度過秋冬的蕭瑟。<br />
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; text-indent: 24pt;">而此時也因為割稻的殘株陸續腐化,學生們上課後一起幫忙把又冒新葉的稻頭再踩入土,田底的腐食及掠食動物正樂著,龍蝨、紅娘華、仰泳椿、晏蜓,還有一班不知是碰到什麼時間節奏,師生徒手就撿起</span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: 24pt;">3</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; text-indent: 24pt;">隻小黃鱔。「這個太多會鑽田埂洞,找一天找大家來吃大餐。」守隆說說還是又放走了牠。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; text-indent: 24pt;">農人與這些田間生物的行事曆,剛剛好就這樣對起來了,我常在想,這就是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: 24pt;">Satoyama
Style</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; text-indent: 24pt;">的微棲地經營吧?猶記得早春田壁和田裡清得乾淨,羽化的細蟌蜻蜓們是攀著秧苗邁向蟲生的航空階段,未強壯成空中霸王的幾小時柔弱,則是躲到田籬灌叢避天敵;四五月漸熱,田壁田埂上鼠麴草戟菜地耳草狂冒,正好採來做成消暑退火的青草茶和點心;七月蒸發散高日頭赤炎,還好有茂盛的稻葉遮蔽,水草及水蟲們挨著稻株向外擴張;捱過水位可能較低又收割盡空的八月下旬,颱風或鋒面帶來雨水,整片田就是野生物的天下了。而這二期作也是綠肥,下個月翻犁後再次孕育明年稻作需要的肥力,再開始水稻與野生物相互依偎的一年。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">經過這幾年,我們也發現農人與天公伯的兩期作不限於這些田區蓄水的範圍,還包括依賴水田作為水源濕地的動植物們:</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">◎需要潮濕卻又喜歡日照的草本植物和蔓性小灌木,在終年蓄水而有側滲的田壁生長著。如小毛氈苔、闊葉彌猴桃。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">◎迴游或藉由水域移動覓食的魚蝦蟹龜,水田持續地蓄留滲漏,某個程度穩定了河溪水量,同時這裡的埤塘和水田也是成了補充營養的覓食休息站。如毛蟹、鱸鰻、柴棺龜。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">◎林緣的哺乳動物及鳥類,也把水田當作飲水覓食或洗浴的場所。食蟹獴、山豬、山羌,都常來留下足跡食痕;鳥兒挨著溝渠排隊洗澡,蛇雕盛夏也偶被撞見從田區飛上電桿抖落一身濕。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">農業環境在半自然與人為程度上呈現光譜分佈,與自然生態系一樣,提供了規模與面向不一的供給服務、調節服務、支持服務、及文化服務,因此農業作業的方式與規模,也影響農地所承擔與產出的生態系服務。大部分的農地在作物產出的供給服務比重較高,和禾田則是在農地的光譜上較接近自然系統,用傳統農業的相容性,修復濕地水域草生地這些受損的自然系統,也補充這些自然系統受損的生態系服務。所以,面對這些家園驟減的生物們,我們不是邀請學生來讚嘆,而是讓年輕一輩再次知道農田過去曾與這麼多生物們共享;為了永續的發展,還是需要為牠們留些餘地,就還給天公伯二期作吧,繼續在這裡被人們越吃越多、越用越多。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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《做什麼》:曬穀後的回潤、田間散草、篩穀秤重收穀入倉、大自然的二期作、田間生物調查、颱風前記得先把水孔降低、收茭白筍。</div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">《站出去》:今年間歇早透的涼意,白腰草鷸來了,大彎小彎藍鵲樹鵲叫聲盈耳。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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方韻如http://www.blogger.com/profile/16459298780585727898noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7965113376226269247.post-80727619370130927532015-08-27T21:31:00.002-07:002015-08-28T23:32:17.554-07:00【立秋】新米上市--吃飯前先上公民課與自然課<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">當悶熱又想趕著雨前割完的中午,眾人在宣告吃飯時陸續回到稻埕;只見田中還有農人的身影,逐區檢視剛才打仗般的戰場,撿拾被遺漏的稻穗,這「頂真」不馬虎的回望畫面,著實在我心裡撞了一下。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">每一年這段時間,都像是回到夏令營,複習體能、生態之外,其實學最多的是身體的節奏、還有做人與做事。</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">前輩會在田裡嚴肅地責罵恐嚇,其實有很多認真與體貼:打穀手拋稻草丟在溢流口會挨罵,「若有人踩到會跌死!」;割稻手沒割完全在稻叢中遺留一枝兩枝稻稈也會挨罵,「若有人走過腳掌會割傷!尤其趕時間的快步中。」來換工或被叫工的不敢怠惰,是對農主也對自己的尊重;而農主家人奉上的五頓餐也不敢怠慢,點心涼的熱的甜的鹹的俱備,是對助割換工者的體恤與情誼。休息談笑間少不了互虧橋事情,但濃濃的及這合作依賴的共同體此時散發著戰友情誼,鄉村裡的大小摩擦大概可以在此刻化解大半。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">今年正常耕作期間大致風調雨順,和禾農戶多數都豐收。但特別晚佈的環教公田,種五號仔的那兩階受兩次颱風影響幾乎沒有產量,颱風後更是連老手都得細心梳理才能下刀,速度只有平常的兩成,直叫人心浮氣躁。「工錢都不夠喔~~」「割下來的米還不知道能不能做出剛才吃的麻糬量~~」一片看衰聲中我們忍不住問:如果割了不划算,不割可以怎麼處理?前輩正色:「沒收成還是得割啊,不割會被唸一世人!」不能想著偷懶、但又要想著如何聰明有效率地確保收成又省大家的力。這些深刻地教訓與紀律,就是這樣累積在每年每次何時割稻最好的方程式裡,成為看天吃飯下決策的諸多參數之一。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">能不能好好曬穀,比割稻當下更看天吃飯,也決定了稻米收割後最後的品質。天要晴、穀埕地也要乾,一天又曬不完。今年八月雨落得怪,新手們一直滑手機看三小時降雨預報,但前輩們則一直望著天邊各自的指標方位,烏雲從北邊來不打緊,東南飄過來的就千萬別鐵齒。埕上的金黃像魔術般追逐著日頭:從一堆丘狀變成好幾股平行的山稜,還有平均大小才曬得均勻;山稜每一刻鐘用</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">耙骨仔一層一層</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">刮下攤開,新手</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">想像是撥開沈積皺摺的背斜,老手的教導也有類似的語言畫面:「爬到山頂還要順著坡一起下山喔!」;兩鐘頭後金黃丘陵又如初但平移到另一頭,就這麼反覆也如緩慢起落的稻浪,直到烏雲讓老手高喊「好!緊收!」,瞬間又成一座集中的錐狀丘,恰恰座落在只有老師看得出來的稻埕最高點。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">那些草料與篩過不足重的未熟穀也一樣悉心被曬乾,餵雞餵鴨才有刈稻飯中的珠蔥煎蛋。田理上來得每一樣東西,都回到養分循環圈裡不浪費。而每年曬穀時都會有滑過探班的林鵰、會有誤入打穀機狼狽不堪的樹蟾;而田裡被割稻對踩踏蹂躪一週後又生機昂然的水草、讓助割手開心尖叫的肥碩虎皮蛙和蛾仔花,更是生態越來越豐富的驗證。這親身體驗的過程,讓我們相信,這看似向自然討來的收成與收益,其實也像養分一樣,年復一年循環回我們所寄望的:淺山濕地水田生態系的復甦。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">每年說來助割,其實是一種學習,更是生產班保育推動工作換位思考的機會:一方面進行這時節最身歷其境的生態監測、一方面實質支持這件辛苦的公益;更是在過程中進入真實的生產脈落,一起感知每年收成的狀況,一起閒話今年遭遇的問題,提醒了自己站在農人的立場,一起經歷田間相關權衡過程的眉眉角角。而原過去整個山村何嘗不是這樣?!一邊收成未來一年要吃的飯,一邊先複習公民課與自然課!連續兩年貢寮國中都把這暑假的收割當作選修課,而平時散村的公共事務就也在此先開會前會,農曆八月廟會該定奪的就都底定了!</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">上完課,這批和禾新米就上市了。每一筆訂購都將於出貨前現碾,讓您吃得到新鮮自然的米,吃得出這田間創造的豐饒生命力,更藉由您的吃讓我們更有力量,就像「和禾」之名,重建我們和環境越吃越深厚的關係。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">和阿獴好好吃頓飯~~</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue;"><a href="https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1pQnLl2fmReGfQhGYjY6g6Zh0UVXYobPUfRJPaoizqm0/viewform" target="_blank">2015</a></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><a href="https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1pQnLl2fmReGfQhGYjY6g6Zh0UVXYobPUfRJPaoizqm0/viewform" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">和禾新米訂購中</span></a>!</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">【大暑】<span lang="EN-US">7/23--</span>【立秋】<span lang="EN-US">8/22</span>:</span></h4>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">《做什麼》:看天氣看觀稻色、喊人收割啦、盯著氣象報告、曬穀啦。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">《最搶眼》:林鵰飛來要喊一聲,稻埕上的金黃魔術,稻草堆大地藝術,每一戶割稻打穀的空間邏輯都隨著草堆標記在完割的田水中,刈稻點心是絲瓜米苔目外加蜂蜜石花凍?那從田邊送過來的期待呵。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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方韻如http://www.blogger.com/profile/16459298780585727898noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7965113376226269247.post-66205658211559991482015-07-28T22:44:00.000-07:002015-07-28T23:10:30.247-07:00【小暑】什麼叫豐收?「和禾」收成的重量<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 9pt 0cm 5.4pt; text-indent: 24pt;">
<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">隨著夏小旅的溪流觀察、採蜜、夜伴牛歸後,七月中旬和禾生產班宣布進入體驗活動夏眠期,從「小暑」到「處暑」,切換成農忙生產模式。那麼收成如何呢?七月初的颱風在北部沒有明顯風雨,除了一兩處田區早期負泥蟲害特別嚴重,大部分和禾農家今年的收成預計都不錯。唯獨公田因為辦理插秧活動得避開生產田的農忙,晚了參差半個月以上的結果,剛好有一半在孕穗期,遇上蓮花昌鴻雙颱風背風側連續幾天的</span><span lang="EN-US">31</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">度均溫以上高溫及低濕度伴強風,遇上了傳說中二十年一遇的整片白穗,有人笑說一時之間還以為種的是白茅、有人則以為芒花季提早了。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">這個二十年一遇的熱害,以後恐怕會更常遇吧!和禾體驗活動的發展,一直都以「不衝擊農事及保育」為原則在規劃,因此生產班有限的人力下,這小面積活動田就還是保留其定位與節奏囉。我們也因此更惕勵自己:若田區有其教育或生態保育公益的任務,就要保持適切的責任分攤,不讓農民單獨面對收成與這些責任間的取捨煎熬。因此,收成的定義是什麼?什麼叫豐收?在這裡有不同於一般生產田的看法。</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">保育指標生物的存活與繁衍</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">安頓家園急遽消失的水田伴生生物,是最初和禾生產班成立的原因。一開始最受關注的黃腹細蟌,在第一年只有</span><span lang="EN-US">2</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">塊田可以為家,如今同一山谷的合作田都有牠們稚蟲到成蟲的蹤跡,在越來越熱的大環境下,至少暫時為喜歡水草豐盛的涼爽乾淨水域的牠們,保有較多周轉應變的族群延續機會。有沒有看到黃色的田蠳,也因此是農戶共同關切的指標。而今年收割,更發現了一樣分佈退縮侷限的朝雲細蟌!</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">第一年發現會尖叫的中華水螳螂,到今年已經成為水昆觀察課五分鐘內一定撈到的種類。台灣維管束植物紅皮書裡有</span><span lang="EN-US">4</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">種「易受害</span><span lang="EN-US">VU</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">」及「瀕臨滅絕</span><span lang="EN-US">EN</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">」的水草是和禾水田的保全對象(挖耳草、小莕菜、絲葉狸藻、毛澤蕃椒),持續三年以上遵循和禾田間管裡的田區,每一處都至少穩定分佈</span><span lang="EN-US">2</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">種以上的保育指標水草。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">而湛水田不僅維持水梯田的地形穩定,也增加降雨逕流經由下滲側滲補注雙溪河域地表可取用的水量。加上農業活動對田壁的除草管理,無意間造就了較不普遍的潮濕向陽土壁的生育地環境。低海拔山區較少見的紫萁,在這個微生育地分佈相當普遍;侷限分佈於北部低海拔濕地及潮濕山壁的小毛氈苔也利用此環境;而紅皮書評估為「嚴重滅絕</span><span lang="EN-US">CR</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">」等級的葦草蘭,據農民說是晚近才消失,而</span><span lang="EN-US">2014</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">年重新發現多處分佈於和禾田區。</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">留點餘地的慢工,是我們對共生的承諾</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">這些不起眼的生機逐漸因「和禾」而穩定,也都是生產班收成的重量。於是,不論是插秧、除草、割稻,這裡的慢工都不再是不得已,而是讓利給生存受脅的生物們、讓利給享用環境服務的公眾們。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">因為放棄規格化的快速插秧,所以提供了還能免於福壽螺害的喘息空間。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">因為想要充分循環地利不趕盡殺絕,所以留給水草們跟在水稻後面成長繁衍的機會。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">因為願意換工組隊流汗彎腰來收割,所以慢慢爬的動物們免於機械造成的傷亡,這田地也繼續作為湛水或濕潤的相對穩定濕地環境。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">原來,「慢」,已經是「和禾」品牌對擔負共生責任的必要承諾。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">【夏至】<span lang="EN-US">6/22--</span>【小暑】<span lang="EN-US">7/22</span>:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><b>《做什麼》</b>:收成和禾分享蜜、協助中國蜂巢抵禦虎頭蜂、割稻前田埂與田間的最後整理、夏小旅。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><b>《站出去》</b>:小暑</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif;">@@</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">一點都不小(汗)。記得戴斗笠,多喝里山茶、青草茶啊!希望颱風帶來欠缺的雨水,但又祈禱別回南。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><b>《最搶眼》</b>:稻子轉金黃低頭,稻埕上曬菜乾、曬穀。田間揮汗互助收成的姿勢+吆喝的節奏。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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方韻如http://www.blogger.com/profile/16459298780585727898noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7965113376226269247.post-40573963517008016342015-07-14T05:32:00.001-07:002015-07-14T05:39:39.037-07:00【和禾分享蜜】~~分享森林的多元美麗<h4 style="margin-bottom: 3.6pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-indent: 0cm;">
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<b><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif;">蜜蜂需要的,比我們想的多更多</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif;">四年前初到時才知道,蜜蜂也會來採水稻的花粉,樹伯甚至直接說出會增加水稻</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">10%</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif;">的授粉率,打破我們對風媒花的觀念,後來也經常觀察到。和禾公田留了兩三階蓄水但沒有插秧的野生田區,前幾天聽到震耳的嗡嗡嗡,上前一看這以螢藺水毛花野慈姑為主的水塘,充滿了忙碌採粉或採蜜的中國蜂,莎草科這麼不起眼的穎花原來也是他們喜愛的~~或許蜜蜂所需的多元營養,比我們想的多多了!</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">與野蜂合作是和禾農人</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">比拼種稻之外的另一項山野本事,青年歸農的守隆也因此對森林的節奏,有另一種仰望的角度:從早春的青剛櫟、紅楠,接著的樹杞、酸藤,一路到春夏交替的水金京、森氏紅淡比,入冬時的柃木,像蜂一樣地數著花開花落的日子。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">依照目標花季採收蜂蜜之外,</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">身為取走辛苦收穫的和夥人,自然也該換工分擔蜂群的生活風險,</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">適時移動蜂巢引導蜂群選擇蜜源,守護牠們避免虎頭蜂攻巢擄蜂或受劇烈天候的摧殘。這一切,當然還要先保護好不受農藥污染的田野、蜜源豐富的森林植物多樣性,同時也不貪心、留足夠的蜜給辛勤工作的主人蜂。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-weight: normal;">而今年和禾分享兩種蜜,都來自貢寮里山人家熟悉的樹種:「樹杞」是里山人家很親近的小喬木,常用來製炭燒柴,因為韌皮部很厚,傳統貢寮的椴木香菇取之來當菌植孔的封口。「森氏紅淡比」跟其他茶科的花一樣都有撲鼻清香,在日本是祭祀祈福常用的供花葉,也常種於神社四周。台灣以北部尤其東北部分佈較多。當然蜜蜂不會百分之百只採這花蜜,里山婦人們對這問題冒出一個比喻:「就像澳底有市場但大家還是會跑去雙溪買菜啊?!」,但這可是里山男人每天辛勤觀察的結果,在集中盛開的花季前,也先清出一批蜜源多樣的百花蜜了。</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">分享安心分享蜜</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-weight: normal; text-indent: 24pt;">但我們其實不在乎蜜蜂是不是提供那麼專注的口味,雖然微微嚐得出不同的季節風味,但也私心地希望蜜蜂還是補充多元的樹花營養吧!</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; font-weight: normal;">千禧年來全球蜂群急遽衰竭帶來的經濟損失,為自以為萬物之靈的人類上了一門課:長久以來我們的生活秩序與文明發展,背後都靠大自然的運作默默地服務著。因此我們看著守隆現採蜜的同時,知道了這些授粉昆蟲及被牠們直接間接照顧的生物們還健康,心裡充滿了感激與安心。</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">守護家園裡最熟悉的森林</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; font-weight: normal;">這其實是個「向蜜蜂借花獻佛」的概念,在樹花最美麗的時刻。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; font-weight: normal;">因為《和禾水梯田》所在的山谷,種作的水源頭就淌自周遭茂密的森林,還與草原、竹林、小聚落、及東北角最主要的雙溪河,鑲嵌錯落,生物和風和水在當中穿梭流動著。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; font-weight: normal;">因此《和禾生產班》守護的環境,不只為生存受脅的水田生物,還包括農人厝邊最熟悉的森林生態、東北角海域上下河溪洄游的魚蝦蟹、以及山下喝水用水的城鎮居民。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; font-weight: normal;">而《和禾》與你分享蜜,因為想分享這山野地景的季節甘甜,想分享富含大自然多元營養的食材,更稍個安心的訊息,給和夥支持環境服務的你們,讓我們照顧自己也照顧大環境,越喝滋養越多生命。<a href="https://docs.google.com/forms/d/14-5aJxzEUQUPBEmjeTDFwrufiA0KKPopjuFyS-611lc/viewform" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">歡迎進入享用!</span></a></span></div>
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方韻如http://www.blogger.com/profile/16459298780585727898noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7965113376226269247.post-16174300205650542362015-06-22T12:00:00.000-07:002015-06-26T23:53:16.842-07:00【芒種】爆熱初夏,暢飲一杯自然吧!<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 9pt 0cm 5.4pt; text-indent: 24pt;">
<span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; text-indent: 24pt;">今年的五月全球平均海溫、及六月台北高溫天數,雙雙破了歷史紀錄。除了短暫鋒面的雨霧帶來的涼爽之外,其他日子多半晴朗高溫。雖然還不如節氣之名~~已結出有芒之種實,但早一點插秧的田區稻子已順利完成挵花。這樣的炎陽炙烤下,不僅水田所形成的水域濕地更顯彌足珍貴,工作中的農家,其實也從初夏的山林田野,取得老天爺賞賜的瓊漿玉露。什麼好康?我們來瞧瞧:</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">《田邊聊寮》自初夏推出了「貢寮里山茶」,取名真切,因為茶飲材料里程不出</span><span lang="EN-US">3km,</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">就在我們里山間。沒有農藥的田埂上,夏秋開出「一支香」地耳草,藥性清熱解毒活血消腫,二嫂清早入田採了,就著山泉洗淨曬乾,加入山區少數僅存的野茶園茶葉沖泡,冰熱皆宜正消暑。貢寮有產茶?沒錯,里山人家傳統上什麼都要在住家附近取得的自給自足,在桃源谷稜線下那帶會積雲卡霧的淺山,過去有許多半野放的小茶園;家庭風格的採製,沒有特別精緻的製茶技術與經營,只有隱身融於山野的和諧,春末夏初採收中。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; text-indent: 24pt;">除了農婦的浪漫,貢寮農夫在初夏的眼神視線也都有點飄忽不定:不是因為變壞,而是總盯著野蜂往哪飛。偶有誰家窗戶壁角來了一窩蜂看來勤奮工作,或是野外哪一巢有分蜂跡象了,就會被精心設計請回里山人家的蜂箱,照樣吃好住好還有保全幫忙防天敵,代價是採回來的蜜要分人吃好幾口。五月樹杞、山香圓、莢迷輪流綻放,六月則是滿山的水金京及飄香的森氏紅淡比,熟練的蜜蜂合夥人很注意物候,適時地移動蜂巢引導蜂群選擇蜜源,也依照目標花季採收蜂蜜分享森林的季節甜。這一切,當然要先保護好不受污染的山野,也不貪心留些蜜給辛勤工作的主人。今夏,<a href="http://monghoho.blogspot.tw/2015/06/blog-post.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">《和禾》跟大家分享里山森林蜜</span></a>,限量樹杞及紅淡比(為主),提振您酷熱下的精神與體力。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; text-indent: 24pt;">這些在地滋味,得到來自法國的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: 24pt;">Yves Michelin</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; text-indent: 24pt;">教授讚許,連結地風環境人文特特色的「</span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: 24pt;">The basket of goods</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; text-indent: 24pt;">」,也導向英國</span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: 24pt;">John Handley</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; text-indent: 24pt;">教授期待的生態系服務保育。五月透過日益頻繁的交流,生產班的農友再重新檢視自己所努力的價值。那天我們的貢寮宴,唯一非在地的食材來自宜蘭友善小農的分享,這群年輕又有才的歸農青年的分享,讓和禾農友倍感不孤單。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; text-indent: 24pt;">我們暢飲,正是因為大自然的分享。不只人們懂得向大自然汲飲,山林田野眾生們也因為農人照顧的一處處友善水田,有了可以避暑、可以取食、可以娶妻生子的水家園。水稻下簀藻開始像開散的綠髮片片覆蓋,蝌蚪水蟲在其間悠游。挲草結束後在稻叢間撿去會搶肥的野慈姑,也常因為此株利用中而放它一馬。</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif;">因此,不一定說讓利,但至少留一口,我們喝,他們也喝!</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span>方韻如http://www.blogger.com/profile/16459298780585727898noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7965113376226269247.post-30610861828390228472015-05-31T19:56:00.001-07:002015-06-01T05:09:58.741-07:00【好康課程】中學生為什麼要下田?!<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">教育部的「環境學習中心校外教學推廣計畫」來了,沒有教室、也沒有專職講師的《貢寮和禾水梯田》,也開了</span><span lang="EN-US">10</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">梯次田野裡的課堂,而且我們想邀請不一樣的中學生,跟一群不一樣的農夫,來作不一樣的「農田觀察家」。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">中學生,為什麼要下田?下田做什麼?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">因為城鎮都市的生活能正常運作,背後總有自然環境的默默支持;我們談「永續」,談「調適」,如果看不見這些生態系統,不知道它現在的品質與遭受的壓力,怎麼能理解如何保護自己的未來?農田,一直都展現人與自然互相照顧的合作;農人也展現了對土地越友善,土地回報得就越多。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">貢寮《和禾生產班》,用既傳統又先進的生態農法,與老天爺合作守護那飽受威脅的水田濕地生態,同時也涵養潔淨的水資源、維繫河海的生產力。在這個例子裡,可以發現照顧土地的方式好多種,需要照顧的面向也還有百百樣;透過實地觀察及對談,也可以發現有多少生命需要跟我們一起生活在這裡。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; text-indent: 24pt;">這次計畫課程的合作講師《和禾生產班》,首開農人合作重要生物棲地保育的案例,結合傳統不用農藥的在地智慧,保護了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; text-indent: 24pt;">5</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; text-indent: 24pt;">百多種生物的棲地,並希望水梯田的友善續耕或復耕,能讓水資源的調節涵養更完整。這個案例目前也在聯合國《里山倡議國際伙伴組織網絡</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; text-indent: 24pt;">IPSI</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; text-indent: 24pt;">》中。除了有效監測生態保育的成效,《和禾》推出的友善農產品,也讓關心自己環境的消費者有貢獻保育的機會。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; text-indent: 24pt;">2014</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; text-indent: 24pt;">年起開始推出《和禾四季小旅行》及《和禾梯田深呼吸》的生態體驗遊程服務,我們希望在這裡發展環境學習,包括以下的這些內涵:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; text-indent: 24pt;">但,<b>能說出與課綱的關係是很重要,能理出學到哪些知能也很重要;但更重要的是:真實地看到照顧台灣土地的不同方式、想和土地一起好好過日子的不同生活面貌、然後踩進土裡,發現原來裡面有片豐饒的小世界!</b></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">點選<u><span style="color: blue;"><a href="https://sites.google.com/a/eeft.org.tw/eeft/2/20150601-1" target="_blank">簡章</a></span></u>瞭解去,歡迎有志教師的參與,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue;"><a href="https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1Hvd0wx7tjfw87wm8tTzq1NmE9hX7dcDmmtvme4Qllo0/edit" target="_blank">6/10</a></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><a href="https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1Hvd0wx7tjfw87wm8tTzq1NmE9hX7dcDmmtvme4Qllo0/edit" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">開放報名</span></a>!</span></b></h3>
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<span lang="EN-US">p.s. </span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">如果你是小學家長或老師,也可以參加<a href="http://neishuangxi.blogspot.tw/2015/03/104.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;">內雙溪自然中心的《綠意小園丁》</span></a>。</span></div>
方韻如http://www.blogger.com/profile/16459298780585727898noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7965113376226269247.post-53224784137339573152015-05-15T09:00:00.000-07:002015-06-01T04:03:50.989-07:00【立夏】蛻變的魔術時光<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="color: #141823; font-family: 新細明體, serif;">在一片缺水的擔心中,五月入梅降下了甘霖。這段時間勤挲草的田區還不太強壯的稻苗上這般持續的涼爽雨霧讓晚佈而甫進入開闊環境的秧苗生長較慢,除了持續不走的水鴨今年騷擾變多,有些田區也遭逢五年來最嚴重的負泥蟲害,農人的蟲篩蟲掃都出動了。</span></div>
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<span style="text-indent: 24pt;">隨著立夏,大部分稻株不再鮮嫩,負泥蟲也準備變態成蟲,農人終於可以喘口氣。接著,好多單槓選手在練體操啊~在這樣被農人控制著演替的水田濕地裡,稻苗成了水蠆蛻變的唯一可以支撐的伙伴。初出社會的蜻蜓,在變成空中霸王之前,身形甚是脆弱易受攻擊,田埂田壁保留的濃密草叢,或是緊鄰田區的竹林樹林,都是他們的「登大人前少年會所」。因此微雨的早晨上工,田埂邊三兩黃腹細蟌被驚動,如直昇機般輕輕移動又落回灌叢葉上,這臨時會所可是里山人家獨特的智慧,圍籬樁都選用可在萌檗展葉的樹種:杜紅、九芎、莢蒾。</span></div>
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<span style="text-indent: 32px;"> 蛻變有時候是無形的,就像魔術師一樣,挲草表面上除去的野草其實沒有消失,而是蛻變成養分再構築成稻葉稻桿。挲草讓初冒出頭的福菜、剪刀草、水鬃蓑、穀精等,都再次化作春泥更護稻。長大的稻叢,也會庇護她們在六月後的繁茂。今年教育公田的挲草魔術師陣容龐大,貢寮國中八年級、羅東林管處都來了,還很幸運都看到中華水螳螂呢。</span><span style="text-indent: 32px;"> </span></div>
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<span style="text-align: left; text-indent: 32px;"> 有時候這魔術有看不見的隱藏版:像山巒倒影一樣的是滿江紅,隨著午後雷聲隆隆,共生的藍綠藻正努力固氮。因此自千年前的農夫就曾在水稻行距間引入滿江紅,到現在還是中南半島提高水稻產量最循環自然的肥料。</span></div>
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<span style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 32px;"> 那麼,「樹花加東方蜂」會變成什麼呢?農人忙著先出清這一批入春以來混著樹杞、酸藤、紅楠的蜜,迎接接下來的紅淡比。「竹筍減山羌」呢?就是我們可以吃到山羌吃剩的桂竹筍料理囉,或是滿山接下來像鬍渣面貌啦!</span></div>
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<span style="text-align: left; text-indent: 32px;"> 午後下起比豆還大的對流陣雨,大粒又冰涼,讓人聯想在頭頂上方幾百米是否還是冰雹?阿伯邊撤退邊唸:「雨足大粒,不知有幾斤重。」最驚豔的蛻變魔術,其實就是農人用身體與大自然互動數十年,累積的這摸得到扛得動的身體語言啊。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif;">【穀雨】</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">4/20</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif;">--</span></span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif;">【立夏】</span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">5/20</span></span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif;">:</span></div>
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方韻如http://www.blogger.com/profile/16459298780585727898noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7965113376226269247.post-59554114419754804762015-04-13T00:58:00.000-07:002015-04-20T19:19:50.891-07:00【清明】短雨中的人鴨大戰<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="color: #660000; font-size: x-small; text-indent: 32px;">當紅毛杜鵑開啟,貢寮準備進入佈田季。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">佈田花金毛杜鵑陸續綻放,今年大家插秧的步調有點異常,多少受忽冷忽熱越來越極端的春天氣溫影響。氣溫影響秧床上自家育秧的發育,有的在冷熱之間發育不良,有人怕長太快太密提前插秧,卻碰到從</span><span lang="EN-US">30</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">度急降至</span><span lang="EN-US">12</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">度的寒雨。但見多了的農民,今春最大的話題不在溫度,而是夜夜空襲的花嘴鴨。</span><br />
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<span style="color: #660000; font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif;">插秧遇柴棺龜鑽游,</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; text-indent: 24pt;">秧田外的</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif;">食蟹獴腳印不知是否為了來亂的水鳥?</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">「拜託你跟鴨子講一下,我們農民很辛苦。」蕭二哥發現插秧學生有人是專業賞鳥的,忍不住大吐苦水。「該死的鴨子!」連長期鳥類調查的狸老闆也脫口而出,隨即自己嘲諷「我竟然也會罵野鴨</span><span lang="EN-US">...</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">」。不知是為了吃稻穀還是為了吃田螺,插秧後隔天田裡總會亂成一片,若是遇到陰雨生長緩慢就更慘。補秧補秧再補秧,成了今年暴增的工作。於是,從秧床開始進化,過去</span><span lang="EN-US">2D</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">的防護今年晉升</span><span lang="EN-US">3D</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">。佈下田後,競選旗幟麻布袋、顏色鮮豔的假人、來自金門的隼眼旗都出動了;夜裡有人兩小時起床一次放沖天炮,有人燃起長長的稻草引線連續自動點炮,然而依然沒有勸退。於是你會聽到聊天後開始排夜班巡田,或是水鑼、電動鷹等各種異想發明,或許這是全球環境變遷下生物與農人共同演化的軍備競爭的開始。</span><br />
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<span style="color: #660000; font-family: 新細明體, serif; font-size: xx-small;">水梯田祭出各式嚇鴨裝置。</span></div>
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<span style="color: #660000; font-family: 新細明體, serif; font-size: xx-small;">鴨子玩過的秧苗都漂起,農人不斷忙著補秧。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">不知是否與南部大旱而盛開的樹花一樣原因,今年鼠麴草簡直就像種在菜園專一樣盛。沒有用藥的田邊,因為農人留餘地給眾生,春天陸續盛出的野草不僅供蜂蝶來採蜜,也拉開一年水田菜市場的序曲。春小旅中我們採集春菜,在最短食物里程的風味餐中,體驗了里山人家如何在自家周遭範圍取得並持續經營生活所需的資源。</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; font-size: xx-small; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="color: #660000; font-size: x-small;">盛生的水芹菜、鼠麴草、魚腥草,都是春天當季老天爺賞賜的食材。</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">而隨著來參訪交流的朋友變多了,水梯田最重要的田埂也吃不消了。看看這條我們戲稱的中台公路,三月初的微雨中一群中國歸農青年們,在蕭二哥及守隆的指導下補好的田埂,落雨的春小旅後就變成這樣了</span><span lang="EN-US">....</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">以農為本、保育為目標,好好調度因時制宜的承載管理,還是生產班的功課啊!</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><b>【春分】<span lang="EN-US">3/21--</span>【清明】<span lang="EN-US">4/18</span></b>:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><b>《做什麼》</b>:插秧,驅鳥,做草仔粿,整備蜂箱。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><b>《站出去》</b>:有時春寒料峭,有時烈日當頭。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> 背景音已轉為眾鳥鳴:五色鳥、小彎嘴、台灣藍鵲。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><b>《最搶鏡》</b>:田埂的鼠麴花和水芹菜,天空飛過的蛇雕與蜂鷹,</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> 農人與學徒們彎腰插秧補秧的倒影,一整晚此起彼落的鞭炮<span lang="EN-US">......<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
方韻如http://www.blogger.com/profile/16459298780585727898noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7965113376226269247.post-70956500776261408062015-03-15T23:58:00.000-07:002015-03-16T00:41:27.205-07:00外來種影響系列:福壽螺帶來的不是福壽<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-para-margin-bottom: .5gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: 0cm; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">今年開春一來,正月還沒結束,原本平靜的貢寮山城,也因為一些事件而緊張起來,其中一件是夥伴們在山上,偶然發現一塊路旁剛整過地的荒田,水泥駁坎上有福壽螺</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">(<i><span lang="EN-US">Pomacea
canaliculata</span></i>)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的卵塊,讓我們不禁擔心福壽螺克服了湍急溪流這天然屏障,可能直接空降山區開始擴散</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgE5e0jNKikpEc5G8QzpIi-x55f-FKh31qDlv9u7g_pvpG_n7Xg7PE6VAI4oto3xmK1EidCgVa8NaaLXSnItUO3xzP4EvstTqMdWJ_QdeQCT-6E47aiMVbdwDVzU1oPnLghuLxF7MX7Tcs/s1600/%E9%A7%81%E5%9D%8E%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84%E7%A6%8F%E5%A3%BD%E8%9E%BA.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgE5e0jNKikpEc5G8QzpIi-x55f-FKh31qDlv9u7g_pvpG_n7Xg7PE6VAI4oto3xmK1EidCgVa8NaaLXSnItUO3xzP4EvstTqMdWJ_QdeQCT-6E47aiMVbdwDVzU1oPnLghuLxF7MX7Tcs/s1600/%E9%A7%81%E5%9D%8E%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84%E7%A6%8F%E5%A3%BD%E8%9E%BA.jpg" height="276" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif;"><span style="color: #660000; font-size: x-small;">在水泥駁坎上發現的福壽螺</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span><br />
<a name='more'></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">和禾生產班超過六公頃的水田環境內,沒有福壽螺的分佈,這在台灣絕對是佳話一件,而這成果主要來自於貢寮水梯田與平原地區水田排水間,串連水路的是高流速與高溶氧的溪流,這一條天然屏障,使福壽螺不會自然擴散到山區,山區位置的封閉,與</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif;">自家選種育苗等,</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; text-indent: 24pt;">幾乎可以在自家田區獨力完成耕種的傳統農法,斷絕很多因資材、農具挾帶造成的外來種引進機會。</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJvh0JZdsNokswvgiSVCz72Tn4sEl8GfSmtmwa_Sx0OU2oReI344b6c7yWpaMSYXBfl5BCH3xmgzChUsQ6-7Zh3lfg_ll7039NEBDLkKkIdkkO_W0OYJ5pTDGijNyXkJs_IK4qK9Q2V40/s1600/%E5%AD%B5%E7%A7%A7%E8%82%B2%E8%8B%97.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJvh0JZdsNokswvgiSVCz72Tn4sEl8GfSmtmwa_Sx0OU2oReI344b6c7yWpaMSYXBfl5BCH3xmgzChUsQ6-7Zh3lfg_ll7039NEBDLkKkIdkkO_W0OYJ5pTDGijNyXkJs_IK4qK9Q2V40/s1600/%E5%AD%B5%E7%A7%A7%E8%82%B2%E8%8B%97.jpg" height="267" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="color: #660000; font-family: 新細明體, serif; font-size: xx-small;">自家孵殃育苗減少了入侵種的風險</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">在水梯田保育的過程中,我們也盡全力守護這份成果,也誠如生產班的友善耕作規範中載明「避免引入,並持續管理、移除外來入侵物種」。我們了解福壽螺一但進入田區,原本水田中保護的</span><span lang="EN-US">56</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">種水田植物,可能泰半都難逃螺口,也知道福壽螺擴散的速度與能力,絕對無法在入侵後移除殆盡,你可以看到台灣每年因福壽螺的啃食造成的龐大農損,政府部門每年投入超過上億經費清除福壽螺,以及大家看不到的為了清除福壽螺而施藥,造成的生態系統崩過程,這些事年復一年的上映,沒又止歇的一天。就因為這些前車之鑑,知道後端移除所投入的人力經費與環境成本太高,我們透過前端的宣導與行為管控,努力不讓福壽螺進入。</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSXuE677cNZEg3B2oWUeJk10cu5Dn9ZILHkY2teSlgWBXoes6KWNjZfoxWtJZXfuMCsS-A6OhuZj0B2OhMSOmCUvKAZWfIudBwbdnXbAcp-lgZuRG-3RF2ZpxVmnSXKDvN8Pohb0328N4/s1600/%E9%9D%9E%E8%B2%A2%E5%AF%AE-%E7%A6%8F%E5%A3%BD%E8%9E%BA%E5%8D%B5.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSXuE677cNZEg3B2oWUeJk10cu5Dn9ZILHkY2teSlgWBXoes6KWNjZfoxWtJZXfuMCsS-A6OhuZj0B2OhMSOmCUvKAZWfIudBwbdnXbAcp-lgZuRG-3RF2ZpxVmnSXKDvN8Pohb0328N4/s1600/%E9%9D%9E%E8%B2%A2%E5%AF%AE-%E7%A6%8F%E5%A3%BD%E8%9E%BA%E5%8D%B5.jpg" height="272" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="color: #660000; font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif;">大量繁殖的福壽螺,造成嚴重的農損(非貢寮照片</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif;">)</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #660000; font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">然而貢寮山區出現福壽螺也不是第一次,在兩年多前,現在發現福壽螺卵塊的這塊荒田就有發現,只是透過訪談了解,地主說明福壽螺似乎已經在這塊地區存在好些年,可能是透過植栽移植挾帶來的,後續因為沒有繼續種植,氣溫低涼與水域範圍封閉,福壽螺也被『困』在這小區域,而在整地的擾動過後,所釋出的空間,即可能讓這種強勢的物種大量繁殖,也透過重新連接的水圳,開始往流域下游擴散,現階段僅能透過福壽螺狀況告知該田區使用者,請求有積極的作為抑止福壽螺流出,及該田區流域下游合作田區的密集監測,避免福壽螺進入,造成難以回覆的窘況。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif;"><span style="color: #660000; font-size: x-small;">鞋底的確認與清洗,是進入和禾生產班田區必備的事情。</span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiM3ESPeeAjTNJ8qPZsqTGhiPLJDoZzOAbnuOcdzH3MA7x76Cfx6-48CIIc_AnwskBLGHTOTKr8Dms-ZHo2FZGpnK3AOSKDyBvQ68d0uUsaHjQr-CU_B9GpCZgWtfp3nYpcae8T3W30ei4/s1600/%E5%91%8A%E7%A4%BA%E7%89%8C%E6%99%AF.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiM3ESPeeAjTNJ8qPZsqTGhiPLJDoZzOAbnuOcdzH3MA7x76Cfx6-48CIIc_AnwskBLGHTOTKr8Dms-ZHo2FZGpnK3AOSKDyBvQ68d0uUsaHjQr-CU_B9GpCZgWtfp3nYpcae8T3W30ei4/s1600/%E5%91%8A%E7%A4%BA%E7%89%8C%E6%99%AF.jpg" height="267" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif;"><span style="color: #660000; font-size: x-small;">每一個和禾生產班田區旁,都會立起告示,提醒遊客不因親近而造成傷害。</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">福壽螺雖然被列為百大外來入侵種,對台灣農業造成嚴重的農損,也壓迫台灣原生生物棲息的空間,但生物本生沒有原罪,福壽螺也是為了存活下去,每個生態系都是經過長時間的演替後,所保留呈現的樣貌,只是常常經由人為引進的外來生物,並不是原生生態系系統中一員,沒有了天敵、在覓食與競爭之間,可能都會影響當地的生態環境,尤其是有能力遠走他鄉,且順利繁衍的生物,都是相對強勢的,好比福壽螺,冠上了福壽,卻沒真的帶來福與壽。</span></div>
方韻如http://www.blogger.com/profile/16459298780585727898noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7965113376226269247.post-36203462924249779292015-02-24T17:03:00.000-08:002015-04-15T01:58:24.715-07:00【雨水】話埤<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">羊年的過年晚,年初二已經到了節氣的《雨水》。只是春節期間沒什麼雨水,而從去年底一路過來的旱象,</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">也已經使今年西部一期稻作的停灌休耕達</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">4</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">萬公頃。</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">山上沒有測候站,打開過去福隆站的資料,</span><span lang="EN-US">94</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">年~</span><span lang="EN-US">101</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">年,一月平均降水日數有</span><span lang="EN-US">22.6</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">天、雨量</span><span lang="EN-US">409.6mm</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">,二月有</span><span lang="EN-US">20.1</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">天、雨量</span><span lang="EN-US">355.4mm</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">,心裡忖度著今年這兩項參數,不知有沒有過去十年平均的一半。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">加入和禾生產班維護水田生物棲地的田區,從第一年的</span><span lang="EN-US">2</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">甲有餘,今年即將擴大到超過</span><span lang="EN-US">7</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">甲。於是在前兩年陸續修復引水的穩定之後,早年的蓄水供水系統又再成話題。除了溪溝,山區傳統上也運用蓄水埤塘來貯存調節供水,就生物而言水域棲地更普遍,能利用的機會也增多;就水資源而言,雨水從天降到入海的停滯時間與流經路徑拉長了,滋潤更多生命的過程中,每個單位時間貯留在地表的水量也增加了。於是我們在埤塘中看到眼子菜的茂盛、斑龜的出沒,也發現埤巖的利用智慧。想像這些綠樹圍繞的埤塘在農忙時應也有清涼戲水的功能吧?沒想到答案竟是『嚴禁戲水』!</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; text-indent: 24pt;">更靠近海岸的福隆及虎子山區,稜線谷線比內寮還錯綜複雜。自行復耕的水松叔耕作少數的谷津田,直接座落在溪谷線上緣的埤塘,除了蓄水,更大的作用在調節洪水襄助水土保持。即使沒有傳統的打石做成的埤巖,仍由同樣原理同樣操作的流通管栓來控制,鄰接下方低位田區處,還有清淤輸泥的放流管,前一次大清淤時,清出</span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: 24pt;">1.5</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; text-indent: 24pt;">公尺高堆滿</span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: 24pt;">1</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; text-indent: 24pt;">分地的淤泥,那年靠著這森林流出的肥力,收成驚人有近千斤穀,用了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: 24pt;">18</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; text-indent: 24pt;">個米籮的情景讓水松叔念念不忘,也見證自然裡藉著水流帶動循環的養分與生命力。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">那麼今年的耕作準備好了嗎?在十二月因雨水不夠而整個延後的翻田整地之後,冬天仍是田區外冷內熱的「循環肥料工廠」運作的時間,但二月農人已經進一步將田埂重新維護修補,也藉著蓄水控制野草生長的速度。整個田階的輪廓,就在春意逐漸展現時鑲著一圈抹茶拿鐵般的色澤,冬春交界就是個醞釀準備再出發的季節啊</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">今年,我們想稍稍放下大家已漸熟悉的論述,希望隨著節氣間的流轉,也紀錄這隨四季脈動的風土與自然。</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0cm;">【立春】</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0cm;">2/4--</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0cm;">【雨水】</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0cm;">3/5</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><b>《做什麼》</b>:孵秧,整田,驅鳥,收桂竹材。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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方韻如http://www.blogger.com/profile/16459298780585727898noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7965113376226269247.post-29939756555703950492015-01-14T18:56:00.000-08:002015-01-22T00:37:00.528-08:00開箱吧《和禾歲記》!翻開水梯田的厚度與層次!<h4 style="margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;">
<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">經過大家沒圖沒真相的呼喊,還有干牛糞啥事的拷問,我們決定請問題最多的「溪小編」親自開箱</span><span lang="EN-US">....</span></h4>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">經過預告片的吊人胃口與引頸企盼,《和禾歲記》本尊終於親自抵達小編的桌上了!拆開外面紙盒包裝的當下,其實有點兒愣住:眼前精緻的瓦楞紙包裝,看起來比較像是</span><span lang="EN-US">…</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">「相框」?怎麼不是一本「書」呢?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">透明的壓克力板,四角用銀色圓形螺絲鎖在背底的層層瓦楞紙板上。透明板下鑲嵌著八張彩色明信片,用飽滿米粒形狀承載著貢寮的四時風景與住民身影。春耕夏耘的四季色彩呈現了水梯田中跟隨物候的農時節奏;黃腹細蟌光澤靈動的翠綠複眼與食蟹獴拖著蓬鬆尾巴顧盼回眸的粉紅鼻頭,剪貼了田邊水湄最生動的表情。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">明信片的下一層,是木製的</span><st1:chmetcnv hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" sourcevalue="8" tcsc="0" unitname="g" w:st="on"><span lang="EN-US">8G</span></st1:chmetcnv><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">隨身碟。採用旋轉開蓋的方式,既保護隨身碟又不怕蓋子丟失唷!外蓋上燒印了可愛的狸子圖案與《和禾歲記》的字樣。隨身碟內,就是這次的重頭戲啦:導演李偉傑等人,為了把貢寮田間人與天地萬物共存共好的故事記錄下來,花了將近兩年的醞釀與後製,終於完成的紀錄影片《和禾歲記》。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">不過,取出隨身碟後週邊的瓦楞紙板可不是單純的包裝而已唷!用指甲或名片旋開四角的銀色螺絲,(小編貼心提醒:要按住瓦楞紙板的背面螺母底座,才容易轉開唷!)揭開紙板的第一頁,才體會到這本「繪地書」的設計:把米粒形狀的明信片取出後,紙板中間露出了一階一階的梯田層次,層層疊疊繪上貢寮水梯田的地景與眾生風土。象徵著集水區的凹陷,配上背板的手繪群山線條,讓中央的水梯田彷若被山巒懷抱的桃花源。紙板背面的細小文字,從生活、生產、生態各面向說著水梯田故事。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; text-indent: 24pt;">拿起第一張,梯田形狀的週邊繪著遠方的森林與山巒、山邊還有一圈牛埔。翻過背後,手繪的貢寮山居示意圖,勾勒出世居此地的人們,在這塊土地上與周遭環境和諧互動的生命脈絡:家屋、駁坎那些就地取材的石材;夏季在大牛埔上自在放牧的牛隻;屋後防風的竹林界線;永臥田邊長久照看的祖先</span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: 24pt;">……</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; text-indent: 24pt;">,水梯田的狸山地景不是不食煙火的世外想像,而是頂著山風踏著田土,落腳生根百年的生產與生活。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">第二張,映入眼簾是高高低低的斗笠人影,田邊各自農忙。從春耕開始,因應山區地形限制的淺耕,減緩了土壤中的氮漏逸。用手用牛用小機械的費力工作,其實力氣是幫助了減緩地球的溫室效應。經過勞力密集的無農藥除蟲後,夏季青綠一片的除了稻作還有田埂上的綠帶。到冬藏時,前一季的稻桿已經和著完成生命歷程的水草同被挲入泥中,成為來春的養分。經驗老到的農人們留下健壯的稻穀過冬,經過浸種、孵芽,世代養出最適土適地的和禾米種。原來,在地古老的生態智慧正說著時下最新潮的永續農業。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">第三張的主角不再是忙碌的人影,畫筆的角度放低,畫出水稻腳下的田螺、也畫出了葦草蘭挺立的身形。在農人的心意與堅持下,水梯田成為眾多生物的庇護家園:保育指標的黃腹細蟌在水草間飛舞、田邊的小穀精草結出了可愛的球狀花序、悠游的鉛色水蛇說明了田裡繁盛的動物相。養著一方不放乾的水梯田,也同時善與了群山間的眾生。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">第四張上佔據了大幅畫面的,是水梯田中沉默卻充滿力量的主角──「水」。從左上角群山間的雨滴到右下角的海口,水的旅程串起山海間的廊道。而鑲嵌在中央的一面面水梯田,是貢寮農人與老天爺攜手合作的最佳水利工程:沿山彎曲的田埂,攔下了懸浮泥沙成為珍貴田土;層層滲出的潔淨水源供養了山下的用水安全。穩定而緩慢吞吐的水田,涵養出不會暴漲的溪流,安定了山洪中避難的水生動物。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">繪地書的最後一頁,是一株大樹。樹梢上站著在水田中泡澡的大冠鷲、驅著耕牛犁田的農人、林緣顧盼的山羌、溪流中溯源追尋的毛蟹與鱸鰻</span><span lang="EN-US">……</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">山海之間的天地眾生被樹枝連在一起,說著貢寮水梯田的行動與希望:守護環境,達成人與眾生的共好。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">八張明信片、一個隨身碟、五頁瓦楞紙卡。紀錄影片、第一手報導的</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif;">《和禾小補帖》、</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; text-indent: 24pt;">繪地圖說與細緻文字。這些都不是這份</span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: 24pt;">1500</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; text-indent: 24pt;">元的《和禾歲記》真正珍貴的部份。真正珍貴的,是那些即使花費更多力氣,也堅持無農藥、留些餘地給生物的心意,生養了田邊隨著稻作季季年年繁衍更迭的多樣生機;是把荒廢梯田重新整起、再度蓄水直到看見大雨之下鱸鰻游進田間生息的不懈努力,成就了從山間到海邊那一塊生物的方舟樂土。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">貢寮農人重拾了世世代代與天地和諧共處的智慧與記憶,面對習慣以利益最大化來看世界的商業角度,貢寮的田間老師只是說:「不能跟天討太多」,因而造就了有錢也買不到的生態系服務。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">順應著土地的呼吸,種一方水田也種出了生物的多樣性、種出水源的涵養、種出近海的漁業生產力</span><span lang="EN-US">……</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">這些多元豐富,卻看不見的價值,才是這本《和禾歲記》當中最珍貴的部份。《和禾歲記》用影像、圖說和文字,邀你一起當貢寮水梯田的「保育和夥人」。扣除工本費用之後的所得,將會全數支持「狸和禾小穀倉」推動「和禾水梯田」的保育計畫喔!</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; text-indent: 24pt;">對了,小編剛剛忘了說~在這個精美套裝中,還有一張「糞菁藏書票」。別小看這張花花的紙,它可是來自貢寮山上的牛糞,與林緣生長的大菁,經過和禾狸小編親自下海,以回收紙漿手工製成的手抄紙呢!印上藏書票張與獨一無二的手寫編號,攜帶著貢寮山上牛耕的味道、及農家手作的質樸誠意,作為保育和夥最獨特的紀念品。</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgndyQW_mPQYZmqhm5_tFgWh2OCbDPknSKStq4-HIFvzcjq79-vP0ZhQX66z1mX19QB-6HuljpjdbYyn3yIi-c7iP0E2WXd_NqBy-3e2S8G6mqxerEjsR17PPX2EL4h-_BauSIWPa-5Lbs/s1600/%E8%97%8F%E6%9B%B8%E7%A5%A8.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgndyQW_mPQYZmqhm5_tFgWh2OCbDPknSKStq4-HIFvzcjq79-vP0ZhQX66z1mX19QB-6HuljpjdbYyn3yIi-c7iP0E2WXd_NqBy-3e2S8G6mqxerEjsR17PPX2EL4h-_BauSIWPa-5Lbs/s1600/%E8%97%8F%E6%9B%B8%E7%A5%A8.jpg" height="267" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">但為何封膜貼了</span><span lang="EN-US">Windows</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">系統需求呢?不公平!拷問之下,原來是團隊為了呈現偉傑導演的高畫質作品,採取了</span><span lang="EN-US">1920*1080 pix</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的高畫質,結果虛擬光碟發生了還無法克服的技術問題,因而只能跟</span><span lang="EN-US">Mac</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">用戶說抱歉了</span><span lang="EN-US">> <''</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。若您真的真的不想放棄,還是可以問問狸和禾小穀倉是否已取得改善的商品。</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">狸小編:唉~誠實豆沙包餵太多嗎?</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">寫得這麼詳盡會不會把驚喜都掀光了?!</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">溪小編:放心!我不是說了,最珍貴的不在這盒裡,</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">而是因為大家支持而能在田裡繼續滋養的生機啊!</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">支持保育合夥,典藏《和禾歲記》,快來取得你的「糞菁」編號:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;"><a href="https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1UxcNNnscmWNpPAVbwCxLR0kCaVTwsawCc3priG5OOGE/viewform">https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1UxcNNnscmWNpPAVbwCxLR0kCaVTwsawCc3priG5OOGE/viewform</a></span></span></div>
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